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Strategies of laparoscopic spleen-preserving splenic hilar lymph node dissection for advanced proximal gastric cancer.

ABSTRACT: For advanced proximal gastric cancer (GC), splenic hilar (No. 10) lymph nodes (LN) are crucial links in lymphatic drainage. According to the 14(th) edition of the Japanese GC treatment guidelines, a D2 lymphadenectomy is the standard surgery for advanced GC, and No. 10 LN should be dissected for advanced proximal GC. In recent years, the preservation of organ function and the use of minimally invasive technology are being accepted by an increasing number of clinicians. Laparoscopic spleen-preserving splenic hilar LN dissection has become more accepted and is gradually being used in operations. However, because of the complexity of splenic hilar anatomy, mastering the strategies for laparoscopic spleen-preserving splenic hilar LN dissection is critical for successfully completing the operation.

SUBMITTER: Chen QY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4919707 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Strategies of laparoscopic spleen-preserving splenic hilar lymph node dissection for advanced proximal gastric cancer.

Chen Qi-Yue QY Huang Chang-Ming CM Zheng Chao-Hui CH Li Ping P Xie Jian-Wei JW Wang Jia-Bin JB Lin Jian-Xian JX Lu Jun J Cao Long-Long LL Lin Mi M Tu Ru-Hong RH Hong Zhi-Liang ZL

World journal of gastrointestinal surgery 20160601 6

For advanced proximal gastric cancer (GC), splenic hilar (No. 10) lymph nodes (LN) are crucial links in lymphatic drainage. According to the 14(th) edition of the Japanese GC treatment guidelines, a D2 lymphadenectomy is the standard surgery for advanced GC, and No. 10 LN should be dissected for advanced proximal GC. In recent years, the preservation of organ function and the use of minimally invasive technology are being accepted by an increasing number of clinicians. Laparoscopic spleen-preser ...[more]

PMID: 27358672

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Project description:ImportanceThe long-term survival of patients with laparoscopic total gastrectomy combined with spleen-preserving splenic hilar lymphadenectomy (LSTG) for advanced upper-third gastric cancer (AUTGC) and the association of splenic hilar lymph node (LN-10) metastasis with survival remain controversial.ObjectiveTo evaluate the long-term outcomes of LSTG and the value index of LN-10 metastasis for patients with AUTGC.Design, setting, and participantsThe Chinese Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery Study 4 (CLASS-04) was a prospective, multicenter, single-arm trial that involved 19 centers in China. A total of 251 eligible patients with clinical stage T2, T3, or T4a upper-third gastric cancer without distant metastases were enrolled from September 1, 2016, to October 31, 2017. The final follow-up was on December 31, 2020.InterventionsAll patients were enrolled to undergo LSTG.Main outcomes and measuresThe main outcomes were the 3-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Multivariate analyses were used to explore the association of LN-10 metastasis with survival.ResultsAmong the 251 patients, 246 (98.0%; mean [SD] age, 60.1 [9.4] years; 197 [80.1%] male) underwent LSTG and completed the study. The 3-year OS was 79.1% (95% CI, 74.0%-84.2%), and the 3-year DFS was 73.1% (95% CI, 67.4%-78.8%). In addition, the 3-year therapeutic value index of LN-10 dissection was 4.5, exceeding the indexes for the partial D2 LN group (including LNs 5, 6, 11d, and 12a). Nineteen patients (7.7%) with LN-10 metastasis had significantly worse survival than the nonmetastasis group, and multivariate analysis revealed that splenic LN-10 metastasis was an independent risk factor (OS: hazard ratio [HR], 2.38; 95% CI, 1.08-5.26; P = .03; DFS: HR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.12-4.63; P = .02). Moreover, patients with LN-10 metastasis were more likely to have recurrence (42.1% vs 20.7%, P = .03), especially when multiple site metastasis was present (21.1% vs 4.4%, P = .01). However, patients with LN-10 metastasis who received adjuvant chemotherapy had significantly better OS and DFS than those without adjuvant chemotherapy and achieved the same oncologic effect as those without LN-10 metastasis.Conclusions and relevanceThis results of this study suggest that LSTG for AUTGC has feasible long-term outcomes. In addition, patients with LN-10 metastasis may have worse survival and may be more prone to recurrence.

Project description:BackgroundLaparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) has several benefits as a treatment of gastric cancer (GC), including reduced pain, early recovery of intestinal function, and shorter hospital stay. LG still has several drawbacks, however, including limited range of movement, amplification of hand tremors, and inconvenient surgical positioning. Around the peripancreatic area, laparoscopic lymph node dissection, therefore, remains challenging; postoperative pancreatic fistula occurs in around 4-7% of patients undergoing LG. Robotic surgery, on the other hand, plays a role in ergonomics and offers several advantages, including 7° of wrist-like motion, less fatigue, tremor filtering, motion scaling, and three-dimensional vision. In our previous retrospective study, we compared the safety and feasibility of surgical outcomes of LG and robotic gastrectomy (RG) for patients with GC. In our previous results, in the LG group, intra-abdominal infectious complications were found in 11%. In the RG group, however, none were found. Our RG procedure may be associated with decreased incidence of intra-abdominal infectious complications. Prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing LG and RG are required, however. We begin an RCT to compare short-term surgical and long-term oncological outcomes of LG and RG for GC patients.MethodsThis is a randomized, single-center clinical trial. All included patients are adults with primary carcinoma of the stomach, in whom the tumor is considered surgically resectable (stages I-III). Included in this trial are 240 patients with GC. The primary endpoint is to assess the incidence of postoperative intra-abdominal infectious complications including pancreatic fistula, intra-abdominal abscess, and anastomotic leakage. Secondary endpoints include the incidence of any complications (both related and unrelated to surgery), surgical results, postoperative course, and oncological outcomes.DiscussionAlthough its short-term outcomes have been proven comparable to LG in comparative studies, use of RG remains restricted, partly due to the lack of informative RCTs pertaining to it. To evaluate the surgical and oncological outcomes of RG, we therefore undertake a prospective RCT. The obtained results will be useful for reducing the restrictions and for adaptive expansion of RG for patients with GC.Trial registrationUniversity Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry, ID: UMIN000031536 . Registered on 1 March 2017.

Project description:BackgroundTraditional laparoscopic No.12a lymph node dissection in radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer may damage the peripheral blood vessels, and is not conducive to the full exposure of the portal vein and the root ligation of the left gastric vein. We recommend a new surgical procedure, the portal vein approach, to avoid these problems.Methods25 patients with advanced gastric cancer underwent radical laparoscopic gastrectomy and No.12a lymph node were dissected by portal vein approach, including 7 cases with total gastrectomy, 18 cases with distal gastric resection, 14 males and 11 females. Operative time, intraoperative blood loss, time to first flatus, postoperative hospital stay, number of total lymph node dissection and No.12a lymph node dissection, No.12a lymph node metastasis rate and postoperative complications were statistically observed.ResultsAll the patients were operated successfully and No.12a lymph node were cleaned by portal vein approach. A total of 683 lymph nodes were dissected, with the average number of lymph nodes dissection and positive lymph nodes were (27.3 ± 12.7) and (3.8 ± 5.6) respectively. The average number of No.12a lymph node dissection was (2.4 ± 1.95) and the metastasis rate of No.12a lymph node was 16% (4/25). The average operation time of radical laparoscopic distal and total gastrectomy were (239.2 ± 51.4) min and (295.1 ± 27.7) min respectively. The mean intraoperative blood loss was (134.0 ± 65.7) ml, and postoperative first anal exhaust time was (2.24 ± 0.86) d. The mean time to fluid intake was (4.2 ± 1.7) d, and postoperative hospitalization time was (9.6 ± 5.0) d. Without portal vein injure, anastomotic leakage, gastrointestinal bleeding, intestinal obstruction and other complications were observed in all patient.ConclusionOur results show that the laparoscopic No.12a lymph node dissection by portal vein approach for gastric cancer is safe, feasible and has certain clinical application value.

Dataset Information

Strategies of laparoscopic spleen-preserving splenic hilar lymph node dissection for advanced proximal gastric cancer.

Publications

Strategies of laparoscopic spleen-preserving splenic hilar lymph node dissection for advanced proximal gastric cancer.

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