Dataset Information

A novel function of calcitonin gene-related peptide in body fluid Cl- homeostasis.

ABSTRACT: Vertebrates need to maintain extracellular chloride (Cl(-)) concentrations to ensure the normal operation of physiological processes; the transition from aquatic to terrestrial environments necessitated the development of sophisticated mechanisms to ensure Cl(-) homeostasis in the face of fluctuating Cl(-) levels. Zebrafish calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), unlike its splice variant calcitonin, does not respond to environmental Ca(2+) levels. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that CGRP is involved in the control of body fluid Cl(-) homeostasis. Acclimation to high-Cl(-) artificial water stimulated the mRNA expression of cgrp and the receptor (crlr1) when compared with low-Cl(-) CGRP knockdown induced upregulation of the Na(+)-Cl(-) co-transporter (ncc2b), while overexpression of CGRP resulted in the downregulation of ncc2b mRNA synthesis and a simultaneous decrease in Cl(-) uptake in embryos. Consistent with these findings, knockdown of either cgrp or crlr1 was found to increase the density of NCC2b-expressing cells in embryos. This is the first demonstration that CGRP acts as a hypochloremic hormone through suppressing NCC2b expression and the differentiation of NCC-expressing ionocytes. Elucidation of this novel function of CGRP in fish body fluid Cl(-) homeostasis promises to enhance our understanding of the related physiology in vertebrates.

SUBMITTER: Wang YF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4920321 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

A novel function of calcitonin gene-related peptide in body fluid Cl- homeostasis.

Wang Yi-Fang YF Lafont Anne-Gaëlle AG Lee Yi-Chun YC Hwang Pung-Pung PP

Proceedings. Biological sciences 20160601 1832

Vertebrates need to maintain extracellular chloride (Cl(-)) concentrations to ensure the normal operation of physiological processes; the transition from aquatic to terrestrial environments necessitated the development of sophisticated mechanisms to ensure Cl(-) homeostasis in the face of fluctuating Cl(-) levels. Zebrafish calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), unlike its splice variant calcitonin, does not respond to environmental Ca(2+) levels. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that CG ...[more]

PMID: 27306053

Similar Datasets

Project description:The development of an ion regulatory mechanism for body fluid homeostasis was an important trait for vertebrates during the evolution from aquatic to terrestrial life. The homeostatic mechanism of Cl(-) in aquatic fish appears to be similar to that of terrestrial vertebrates; however, the mechanism in non-mammalian vertebrates is poorly understood. Unlike in mammals, in which the kidney plays a central role, in most fish species, the gill is responsible for the maintenance of Cl(-) homeostasis via Cl(-) transport uptake mechanisms. Previous studies in zebrafish identified Na(+)-Cl(-) cotransporter (NCC) 2b-expressing cells in the gills and skin as the major ionocytes responsible for Cl(-) uptake, similar to distal convoluted tubular cells in mammalian kidney. However, the mechanism by which basolateral ions exit from NCC cells is still unclear. Of the in situ hybridization signals of twelve members of the clc Cl(-) channel family, only that of clc-2c exhibited an ionocyte pattern in the gill and embryonic skin. Double in situ hybridization/immunocytochemistry confirmed colocalization of apical NCC2b with basolateral CLC-2c. Acclimation to a low Cl(-) environment increased mRNA expression of both clc-2c and ncc2b, and also the protein expression of CLC-2c in embryos and adult gills. Loss-of-function of clc-2c resulted in a significant decrease in whole body Cl(-) content in zebrafish embryos, a phenotype similar to that of ncc2b mutants; this finding suggests a role for CLC-2c in Cl(-) uptake. Translational knockdown of clc-2c stimulated ncc2b mRNA expression and vice versa, revealing cooperation between these two transporters in the context of zebrafish Cl(-) homeostasis. Further comparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses revealed that zebrafish CLC-2c is a fish-specific isoform that diverged from a kidney-predominant homologue, in the same manner as NCC2b and its counterparts (NCCs). Several lines of molecular and cellular physiological evidences demonstrated the cofunctional role of apical NCC2b and basolateral CLC-2c in the gill/skin Cl(-) uptake pathway. Taking the phylogenetic evidence into consideration, fish-specific NCC2b and CLC-2c may have coevolved to perform extra-renal Cl(-) uptake during the evolution of vertebrates in an aquatic environment.

Dataset Information

A novel function of calcitonin gene-related peptide in body fluid Cl- homeostasis.

Publications

A novel function of calcitonin gene-related peptide in body fluid Cl- homeostasis.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets