Dataset Information

Transient Fcho1/2⋅Eps15/R⋅AP-2 Nanoclusters Prime the AP-2 Clathrin Adaptor for Cargo Binding.

ABSTRACT: Clathrin-coated vesicles form by rapid assembly of discrete coat constituents into a cargo-sorting lattice. How the sequential phases of coat construction are choreographed is unclear, but transient protein-protein interactions mediated by short interaction motifs are pivotal. We show that arrayed Asp-Pro-Phe (DPF) motifs within the early-arriving endocytic pioneers Eps15/R are differentially decoded by other endocytic pioneers Fcho1/2 and AP-2. The structure of an Eps15/R⋅Fcho1 μ-homology domain complex reveals a spacing-dependent DPF triad, bound in a mechanistically distinct way from the mode of single DPF binding to AP-2. Using cells lacking FCHO1/2 and with Eps15 sequestered from the plasma membrane, we establish that without these two endocytic pioneers, AP-2 assemblies are fleeting and endocytosis stalls. Thus, distinct DPF-based codes within the unstructured Eps15/R C terminus direct the assembly of temporary Fcho1/2⋅Eps15/R⋅AP-2 ternary complexes to facilitate conformational activation of AP-2 by the Fcho1/2 interdomain linker to promote AP-2 cargo engagement.

SUBMITTER: Ma L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4921775 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:The independently folded appendages of the large alpha and beta2 subunits of the endocytic adaptor protein (AP)-2 complex coordinate proper assembly and operation of endocytic components during clathrin-mediated endocytosis. The beta2 subunit appendage contains a common binding site for beta-arrestin or the autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia (ARH) protein. To determine the importance of this interaction surface in living cells, we used small interfering RNA-based gene silencing. The effect of extinguishing beta2 subunit expression on the internalization of transferrin is considerably weaker than an AP-2 alpha subunit knockdown. We show the mild sorting defect is due to fortuitous substitution of the beta2 chain with the closely related endogenous beta1 subunit of the AP-1 adaptor complex. Simultaneous silencing of both beta1 and beta2 subunit transcripts recapitulates the strong alpha subunit RNA interference (RNAi) phenotype and results in loss of ARH from endocytic clathrin coats. An RNAi-insensitive beta2-yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) expressed in the beta1 + beta2-silenced background restores cellular AP-2 levels, robust transferrin internalization, and ARH colocalization with cell surface clathrin. The importance of the beta appendage platform subdomain over clathrin for precise deposition of ARH at clathrin assembly zones is revealed by a beta2-YFP with a disrupted ARH binding interface, which does not restore ARH colocalization with clathrin. We also show a beta-arrestin 1 mutant, which engages coated structures in the absence of any G protein-coupled receptor stimulation, colocalizes with beta2-YFP and clathrin even in the absence of an operational clathrin binding sequence. These findings argue against ARH and beta-arrestin binding to a site upon the beta2 appendage platform that is later obstructed by polymerized clathrin. We conclude that ARH and beta-arrestin depend on a privileged beta2 appendage site for proper cargo recruitment to clathrin bud sites.

Dataset Information

Transient Fcho1/2⋅Eps15/R⋅AP-2 Nanoclusters Prime the AP-2 Clathrin Adaptor for Cargo Binding.

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