Dataset Information

Do perceptual biases emerge early or late in visual processing? Decision-biases in motion perception.

ABSTRACT: Visual perception is strongly influenced by contextual information. A good example is reference repulsion, where subjective reports about the direction of motion of a stimulus are significantly biased by the presence of an explicit reference. These perceptual biases could arise early, during sensory encoding, or alternatively, they may reflect decision-related processes occurring relatively late in the task sequence. To separate these two competing possibilities, we asked (human) subjects to perform a fine motion-discrimination task and then estimate the direction of motion in the presence or absence of an oriented reference line. When subjects performed the discrimination task with the reference, but subsequently estimated motion direction in its absence, direction estimates were unbiased. However, when subjects viewed the same stimuli but performed the estimation task only, with the orientation of the reference line jittered on every trial, the directions estimated by subjects were biased and yoked to the orientation of the shifted reference line. These results show that judgements made relative to a reference are subject to late, decision-related biases A model in which information about motion is integrated with that of an explicit reference cue, resulting in a late, decision-related re-weighting of the sensory representation, can account for these results.

SUBMITTER: Zamboni E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4936027 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Do perceptual biases emerge early or late in visual processing? Decision-biases in motion perception.

Zamboni Elisa E Ledgeway Timothy T McGraw Paul V PV Schluppeck Denis D

Proceedings. Biological sciences 20160601 1833

Visual perception is strongly influenced by contextual information. A good example is reference repulsion, where subjective reports about the direction of motion of a stimulus are significantly biased by the presence of an explicit reference. These perceptual biases could arise early, during sensory encoding, or alternatively, they may reflect decision-related processes occurring relatively late in the task sequence. To separate these two competing possibilities, we asked (human) subjects to per ...[more]

PMID: 27335413

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Project description:A brief image presentation is sufficient to discriminate and individuate objects of expertise. Although perceptual expertise is acquired through extensive practice that increases the resolution of representations and reduces the latency of image decoding and coarse and fine information extraction, it is not known how the stages of visual processing impact object discrimination learning (ODL). Here, we compared object discrimination with brief (100 ms) and long (1,000 ms) perceptual encoding times to test if the early and late visual processes are required for ODL. Moreover, we evaluated whether encoding time and discrimination practice shape perception and recognition memory processes during ODL. During practice of a sequential matching task with initially unfamiliar complex stimuli, we find greater discrimination with greater encoding times regardless of the extent of practice, suggesting that the fine information extraction during late visual processing is necessary for discrimination. Interestingly, the overall discrimination learning was similar for brief and long stimuli, suggesting that early stages of visual processing are sufficient for ODL. In addition, discrimination practice enhances perceive and know for brief and long stimuli and both processes are associated with performance, suggesting that early stage information extraction is sufficient for modulating the perceptual processes, likely reflecting an increase in the resolution of the representations and an early availability of information. Conversely, practice elicited an increase of familiarity which was not associated with discrimination sensitivity, revealing the acquisition of a general recognition memory. Finally, the recall is likely enhanced by practice and is associated with discrimination sensitivity for long encoding times, suggesting the engagement of recognition memory in a practice independent manner. These findings contribute to unveiling the function of early stages of visual processing in ODL, and provide evidence on the modulation of the perception and recognition memory processes during discrimination practice and its relationship with ODL and perceptual expertise acquisition.

Dataset Information

Do perceptual biases emerge early or late in visual processing? Decision-biases in motion perception.

Publications

Do perceptual biases emerge early or late in visual processing? Decision-biases in motion perception.

Similar Datasets

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