Dataset Information

Diversion of ADHD Stimulants and Victimization Among Adolescents.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To examine whether a recent prescription for stimulant medication is associated with peer victimization among youth with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods

Data from 4,965 adolescents attending five public schools who completed an annual web survey over 4 years were used to examine recent stimulant medication prescription and self-reported frequent victimization.

Results

Adolescents with ADHD and recent stimulant prescription reported more victimization than those without ADHD, but similar to adolescents with ADHD and no recent prescription. Adolescents with ADHD and past 12-month diversion of their prescribed stimulants were at greatest risk of 12-month frequent victimization compared with adolescents without ADHD and adolescents with ADHD but no recent prescription. Youth approached to divert reported more victimization than youth not approached. Youth who diverted reported more victimization than those who did not divert.

Conclusions

Close parent-prescriber collaboration is needed to ensure effective medical treatment for ADHD without greater risk for victimization and treatment failure.

SUBMITTER: Epstein-Ngo QM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4945774 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Diversion of ADHD Stimulants and Victimization Among Adolescents.

Epstein-Ngo Quyen M QM McCabe Sean Esteban SE Veliz Philip T PT Stoddard Sarah A SA Austic Elizabeth A EA Boyd Carol J CJ

Journal of pediatric psychology 20151119 7

<h4>Objective</h4>To examine whether a recent prescription for stimulant medication is associated with peer victimization among youth with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).<h4>Methods</h4>Data from 4,965 adolescents attending five public schools who completed an annual web survey over 4 years were used to examine recent stimulant medication prescription and self-reported frequent victimization.<h4>Results</h4>Adolescents with ADHD and recent stimulant prescription reported more vi ...[more]

PMID: 26590265

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Project description:IntroductionAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common pediatric neurobehavioral disorders in the U.S. Stimulants, classified as controlled substances, are commonly used for ADHD management. We conducted an analysis of real-world stimulants dispensing data to evaluate the pandemic's impact on young patients (≤ 26 years) in California.MethodsAnnual prevalence of patients on stimulants per capita across various California counties from 2019 and 2021 were analyzed and further compared across different years, sexes, and age groups. New patients initiating simulants therapy were also examined. A case study was conducted to determine the impact of socioeconomic status on patient prevalence within different quintiles in Los Angeles County using patient zip codes. Logistic regression analysis using R Project was employed to determine demographic factors associated with concurrent use of stimulants with other controlled substances.ResultsThere was a notable reduction in prevalence of patients ≤26 years old on stimulants during and after the pandemic per 100,000 people (777 in 2019; 743 in 2020; 751 in 2021). These decreases were more evident among the elementary and adolescent age groups. The most prevalent age group on stimulants were adolescents (12-17 years) irrespective of the pandemic. A significant rise in the number of female patients using stimulants was observed, increasing from 107,957 (35.2%) in 2019 to 121,241 (41.1%) in 2021. New patients initiating stimulants rose from 102,754 in 2020 to 106,660 in 2021, with 33.2% being young adults. In Los Angeles County, there was an increasing trend in patient prevalence from Q1 to Q5 income quintiles among patients ≥6 years. Consistently each year, the highest average income quintile exhibited the highest per capita prevalence. Age was associated with higher risk of concurrent use of benzodiazepines (OR, 1.198 [95% CI, 1.195-1.201], p < 0.0001) and opioids (OR, 1.132 [95% CI, 1.130-1.134], p < 0.0001) with stimulants.DiscussionOur study provides real-world information on dispensing of ADHD stimulants in California youth from 2019 to 2021. The results underscore the importance of optimizing evidence-based ADHD management in pediatric patients and young adults to mitigate disparities in the use of stimulants.

Dataset Information

Diversion of ADHD Stimulants and Victimization Among Adolescents.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Diversion of ADHD Stimulants and Victimization Among Adolescents.

Similar Datasets

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