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Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with Abdominal Visceral Adipose Tissue Volume and Serum Adipokine Concentrations but Not with Body Mass Index or Waist Circumference in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study.

ABSTRACT: The biological actions of vitamin D are mediated through the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the VDR gene have been previously associated with adiposity traits. However, to our knowledge, few studies have included direct measures of adiposity and adipokine concentrations.We examined the association of tagging SNPs in the VDR gene with multiple adiposity measures, including waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume, and serum adipokine (adiponectin and leptin) concentrations in adult African Americans (AAs).Data from 3020 participants (61.9% women; mean age, 54.6 y) from the Jackson Heart Study were used for this analysis. Forty-five tag SNPs were chosen with the use of genotype data from the International HapMap project. We used linear regression to test the associations of imputed VDR SNPs with each of the traits, adjusted for age, sex, educational status, physical activity, smoking, alcohol intake, serum vitamin D concentration, European ancestry, and multiple testing.The G allele of the SNP rs4328262 remained associated with increased VAT volume after multiple testing correction (? = 45.7; P < 0.001). The A allele of another SNP (rs11574070) was nominally associated with body fat percentage (? = 0.96; P = 0.002). None of the VDR SNPs analyzed showed any link with WC or BMI. The A allele of rs2228570 (? = 0.08; P = 0.001) for men and the T allele of rs2853563 (? = 0.04; P < 0.001) for women remained positively associated with serum adiponectin concentrations after multiple testing correction.Although we did not find any association for anthropometric measures, we did observe associations of VDR variants with serum adipokines and with the more metabolically active fat, VAT. Therefore, our findings demonstrate a possible role of VDR variants in regulating adipose tissue activity and adiposity among AAs.

SUBMITTER: Khan RJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4958289 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with Abdominal Visceral Adipose Tissue Volume and Serum Adipokine Concentrations but Not with Body Mass Index or Waist Circumference in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study.

Khan Rumana J RJ Riestra Pia P Gebreab Samson Y SY Wilson James G JG Gaye Amadou A Xu Ruihua R Davis Sharon K SK

The Journal of nutrition 20160629 8

<h4>Background</h4>The biological actions of vitamin D are mediated through the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the VDR gene have been previously associated with adiposity traits. However, to our knowledge, few studies have included direct measures of adiposity and adipokine concentrations.<h4>Objective</h4>We examined the association of tagging SNPs in the VDR gene with multiple adiposity measures, including waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), bo ...[more]

PMID: 27358421

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Project description:OBJECTIVES: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is an independent risk factor in cardiometabolic diseases and is commonly measured by computed tomography (CT). It is measured clinically by waist circumference (WC). The L4/5 intervertebral space VAT (L4/5 VAT) is traditionally used to represent total VAT volume. We set out to determine (1) the level of intervertebral space on CT that best approximates the total VAT volume; (2) compare the association between WC and VAT in Singaporean Chinese and Indian; and (3) examine the correlation between VAT and cardiometabolic risk factors. SUBJECTS: A total of 60 Chinese and 60 Asian Indian men older than 60 years were recruited. Their medical history was taken and anthropometry was measured. Fasting glucose, insulin, lipids, adipokines and inflammatory markers were measured. Insulin resistance was evaluated by homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance. VAT was determined by CT. Total VAT volume was calculated in 22 patients from VAT areas at seven intervertebral levels. The optimal VAT area most representative of total VAT volume was determined and used for all patients to approximate total VAT volume. RESULTS: The VAT area at L2/3 intervertebral space (L2/3 VAT) correlated almost perfectly with VAT volume (R(2)=0.974 and 0.946 for Chinese and Indians, respectively). SUBJECTS from the two races had similar height, weight, body mass index (BMI), WC and L2/3 VAT but more Indian men had hypertension, hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. WC was correlated with the L2/3 VAT area in both Chinese (r=0.484, P<0.001) and Indian subjects (r=0.366, P=0.004) without racial difference (P=0.2 for interaction term). L2/3 VAT also correlated better with cardiometabolic risk factors, adipokines and C-reactive protein than WC, BMI or L4/5 VAT. CONCLUSION: The L2-L3 intervertebral space was the best anatomic level for a single-slice CT cross-sectional area measurement of VAT to approximate total body visceral adipose volume in this population of Chinese and Asian Indian men older than 60 years. L2/3 VAT was better correlated with multiple cardiovascular risk factors, adipokines and inflammatory marker than either L4/5 VAT, WC or BMI.

Dataset Information

Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with Abdominal Visceral Adipose Tissue Volume and Serum Adipokine Concentrations but Not with Body Mass Index or Waist Circumference in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study.

Publications

Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with Abdominal Visceral Adipose Tissue Volume and Serum Adipokine Concentrations but Not with Body Mass Index or Waist Circumference in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study.

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