Energy restriction and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass reduce postprandial ?-dicarbonyl stress in obese women with type 2 diabetes.

ABSTRACT: Dicarbonyl compounds are formed as byproducts of glycolysis and are key mediators of diabetic complications. However, evidence of postprandial ?-dicarbonyl formation in humans is lacking, and interventions to reduce ?-dicarbonyls have not yet been investigated. Therefore, we investigated postprandial ?-dicarbonyl levels in obese women without and with type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, we evaluated whether a diet very low in energy (very low calorie diet [VLCD]) or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) reduces ?-dicarbonyl stress in obese women with type 2 diabetes.In lean (n?=?12) and obese women without (n?=?27) or with type 2 diabetes (n?=?27), we measured the ?-dicarbonyls, methylglyoxal (MGO), glyoxal (GO) and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), and glucose in fasting and postprandial plasma samples obtained during a mixed meal test. Obese women with type 2 diabetes underwent either a VLCD or RYGB. Three weeks after the intervention, individuals underwent a second mixed meal test.Obese women with type 2 diabetes had higher fasting and particularly higher postprandial plasma ?-dicarbonyl levels, compared with those without diabetes. After three weeks of a VLCD, postprandial ?-dicarbonyl levels in diabetic women were significantly reduced (AUC MGO -14%, GO -16%, 3-DG -25%), mainly through reduction of fasting plasma ?-dicarbonyls (MGO -13%, GO -13%, 3-DG -33%). Similar results were found after RYGB.This study shows that type 2 diabetes is characterised by increased fasting and postprandial plasma ?-dicarbonyl stress, which can be reduced by improving glucose metabolism through a VLCD or RYGB. These data highlight the potential to reduce reactive ?-dicarbonyls in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01167959.

SUBMITTER: Maessen DE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4969347 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature