Dataset Information

Combined effects of cadmium and salinity on juvenile Takifugu obscurus: cadmium moderates salinity tolerance; salinity decreases the toxicity of cadmium.

ABSTRACT: Obscure puffer Takifugu obscurus, a species of anadromous fish, experiences several salinity changes in its lifetime. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that can potentially induce oxidative stress in fish. The present study aimed to detect the combined effects of Cd (0, 5, 10, 20 and 50?mg?L(-1)) and salinity (0, 15 and 30?ppt) on juvenile T. obscurus. Results showed the juveniles could survive well under different salinities; however, with Cd exposure, the survival rates significantly decreased at 0 and 30?ppt. At 15?ppt, tolerance to Cd increased. Cd exposure clearly induced oxidative stress, and the responses among different tissues were qualitatively similar. Salinity acted as a protective factor which could reduce the reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels. In addition, salinity could enhance the antioxidant defense system, including superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione. Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity significantly decreased under Cd exposure in gill, kidney and intestine. These findings indicated that Cd could moderate the adaptability of juvenile T. obscurus to high salinity and low salinity played a protective role upon Cd exposure. Thus, the role of salinity should be considered when evaluating the effect of heavy metals on anadromous and estuarine fishes.

SUBMITTER: Wang J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4973225 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Combined effects of cadmium and salinity on juvenile Takifugu obscurus: cadmium moderates salinity tolerance; salinity decreases the toxicity of cadmium.

Wang Jun J Zhu Xuexia X Huang Xin X Gu Lei L Chen Yafen Y Yang Zhou Z

Scientific reports 20160804

Obscure puffer Takifugu obscurus, a species of anadromous fish, experiences several salinity changes in its lifetime. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that can potentially induce oxidative stress in fish. The present study aimed to detect the combined effects of Cd (0, 5, 10, 20 and 50 mg L(-1)) and salinity (0, 15 and 30 ppt) on juvenile T. obscurus. Results showed the juveniles could survive well under different salinities; however, with Cd exposure, the survival rates significantly decreas ...[more]

PMID: 27487764

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Project description:Non-essential trance metal such as cadmium (Cd) is toxic to plants. Although some plants have developed elaborate strategies to deal with absorbed Cd through multiple pathways, the regulatory mechanisms behind the Cd tolerance are not fully understood. Ferrochelatase-1 (FC1, EC4.99.1.1) is the terminal enzyme of heme biosynthesis, catalyzing insertion of ferrous ion into protoporphyrin IX. Recent studies have shown that FC1 is involved in several physiological processes. However, its biological function associated with plant abiotic stress response is poorly understood.In this study, we showed that AtFC1 was transcriptionally activated by Cd exposure. AtFC1 overexpression (35S::FC1) lines accumulated more Cd and non-protein thiol compounds than wild-type, and conferred plant tolerance to Cd stress, with improved primary root elongation, biomass and chlorophyll (Chl) content, and low degree of oxidation associated with reduced H2O2, O·2- and peroxides. In contrast, the AtFC1 loss of functional mutant fc1 showed sensitivity to Cd stress. Exogenous provision of heme, the product of AtFC1, partially rescued the Cd-induced toxic phenotype of fc1 mutants by improving the growth of seedlings, generation of glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatins (PCs), and GSH/PCs-synthesized gene expression (e.g. GSH1, GSH2, PCS1, and PCS2). To investigate the mechanism leading to the AtFC1 regulating Cd stress response in Arabidopsis, a transcriptome of fc1 mutant plants under Cd stress was profiled. Our data showed that disfunction of AtFC1 led to 913 genes specifically up-regulated and 522 genes down-regulated in fc1 mutants exposed to Cd. Some of the genes are involved in metal transporters, Cd-induced oxidative stress response, and detoxification.These results indicate that AtFC1 would act as a positive regulator of plant tolerance to Cd stress. Our study will broaden our understanding of the role of FC1 in mediating plant response to Cd stress and provide a basis for further exploration of its downstream genes.

Dataset Information

Combined effects of cadmium and salinity on juvenile Takifugu obscurus: cadmium moderates salinity tolerance; salinity decreases the toxicity of cadmium.

Publications

Combined effects of cadmium and salinity on juvenile Takifugu obscurus: cadmium moderates salinity tolerance; salinity decreases the toxicity of cadmium.

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