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The severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with gut dysbiosis and shift in the metabolic function of the gut microbiota.

ABSTRACT: Several animal studies have emphasized the role of gut microbiota in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, data about gut dysbiosis in human NAFLD remain scarce in the literature, especially studies including the whole spectrum of NAFLD lesions. We aimed to evaluate the association between gut dysbiosis and severe NAFLD lesions, that is, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis, in a well-characterized population of adult NAFLD. Fifty-seven patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD were enrolled. Taxonomic composition of gut microbiota was determined using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of stool samples. Thirty patients had F0/F1 fibrosis stage at liver biopsy (10 with NASH), and 27 patients had significant F?2 fibrosis (25 with NASH). Bacteroides abundance was significantly increased in NASH and F?2 patients, whereas Prevotella abundance was decreased. Ruminococcus abundance was significantly higher in F?2 patients. By multivariate analysis, Bacteroides abundance was independently associated with NASH and Ruminococcus with F?2 fibrosis. Stratification according to the abundance of these two bacteria generated three patient subgroups with increasing severity of NAFLD lesions. Based on imputed metagenomic profiles, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways significantly related to NASH and fibrosis F?2 were mostly related to carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism.NAFLD severity associates with gut dysbiosis and a shift in metabolic function of the gut microbiota. We identified Bacteroides as independently associated with NASH and Ruminococcus with significant fibrosis. Thus, gut microbiota analysis adds information to classical predictors of NAFLD severity and suggests novel metabolic targets for pre-/probiotics therapies.

SUBMITTER: Boursier J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4975935 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with gut dysbiosis and shift in the metabolic function of the gut microbiota.

Boursier Jérôme J Mueller Olaf O Barret Matthieu M Machado Mariana M Fizanne Lionel L Araujo-Perez Felix F Guy Cynthia D CD Seed Patrick C PC Rawls John F JF David Lawrence A LA Hunault Gilles G Oberti Frédéric F Calès Paul P Diehl Anna Mae AM

Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20160113 3

<h4>Unlabelled</h4>Several animal studies have emphasized the role of gut microbiota in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, data about gut dysbiosis in human NAFLD remain scarce in the literature, especially studies including the whole spectrum of NAFLD lesions. We aimed to evaluate the association between gut dysbiosis and severe NAFLD lesions, that is, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis, in a well-characterized population of adult NAFLD. Fifty-seven patients with b ...[more]

PMID: 26600078

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Project description:Aim: To investigate the intestinal flora of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Chinese children and adolescents using metagenomic approach. Methods: All participants underwent magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to quantify liver fat content. Hepatic steatosis was defined as MRS proton density fat fraction (MRS-PDFF) >5%. A total of 58 children and adolescents were enrolled in this study, including 25 obese NAFLD patients, 18 obese non-NAFLD children, and 15 healthy children. Stool samples were collected and analyzed with metagenomics. We used Shannon index to reflect the alpha diversities of gut microbiota. Wilcoxon rank sum test and Kruskal-Wallis test were performed to evaluate alpha diversities between groups. At last, the differences of gut microbiota composition and functional annotations between obese with and without NAFLD and healthy children were assessed by Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Significant differences in gut microbiota composition and functional annotations among three groups of children and adolescents have been observed. Deep sequencing of gut microbiota revealed high abundance of phylum Proteobacteria (Gammaproteobacteria) in obese NAFLD patients, comparing with the control group. Overall, obese children without NAFLD had less abundant Helicobacter and Helicobacter pylori. Compared to the control group, in obese children with NAFLD, the abundance of Bacteroidetes (Alistipes) were significantly reduced. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was the only species representing a difference between obese children with and without NAFLD. There were not significant differences in terms of alpha diversity among three groups. Functional annotations demonstrated that several pathways were differentially enriched between groups, including metabolism of other amino acids, replication and repair, folding, sorting, degradation, and glycan biosynthesis and metabolism. Conclusion: Significantly differences are observed in gut microbiota composition and functional annotations between obese children with and without NAFLD in comparison to the healthy children group. The characteristic of gut microbiota in this study may contribute to a further understanding the gut-liver axis of pediatric NAFLD in China.

Dataset Information

The severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with gut dysbiosis and shift in the metabolic function of the gut microbiota.

Publications

The severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with gut dysbiosis and shift in the metabolic function of the gut microbiota.

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