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Improved survival in HIV treatment programmes in Asia.

ABSTRACT: Antiretroviral treatment (ART) for HIV-positive patients has expanded rapidly in Asia over the last 10 years. Our study aimed to describe the time trends and risk factors for overall survival in patients receiving first-line ART in Asia.We included HIV-positive adult patients who initiated ART between 2003-2013 (n=16,546), from seven sites across six Asia-Pacific countries. Patient follow-up was to May 2014. We compared survival for each country and overall by time period of ART initiation using Kaplan-Meier curves. Factors associated with mortality were assessed using Cox regression, stratified by site. We also summarized first-line ART regimens, CD4+ T-cell count at ART initiation, and CD4+ T-cell and HIV viral load testing frequencies.There were 880 deaths observed over 54,532 person-years of follow-up, a crude rate of 1.61 (95% CI 1.51, 1.72) per 100 person-years. Survival significantly improved in more recent years of ART initiation. The survival probability at 4 years follow-up for those initiating ART in 2003-2005 was 92.1%, 2006-2009 was 94.3% and 2010-2013 was 94.5% (P<0.001). Factors associated with higher mortality risk included initiating ART in earlier time periods, older age, male sex, injecting drug use as HIV exposure and lower pre-ART CD4+ T-cell count. Concurrent with improved survival was increased tenofovir use, ART initiation at higher CD4+ T-cell counts and greater monitoring of CD4+ T-cells and HIV viral load.Our results suggest that HIV-positive patients from Asia have improved survival in more recent years of ART initiation. This is likely a consequence of improvements in treatment, patient management and monitoring over time.

SUBMITTER: De La Mata NL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4980281 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Improved survival in HIV treatment programmes in Asia.

De La Mata Nicole L NL Kumarasamy Nagalingeswaran N Khol Vohith V Ng Oon Tek OT Van Nguyen Kinh K Merati Tuti Parwati TP Pham Thuy Thanh TT Lee Man Po MP Durier Nicolas N Law Matthew M

Antiviral therapy 20160210 6

<h4>Background</h4>Antiretroviral treatment (ART) for HIV-positive patients has expanded rapidly in Asia over the last 10 years. Our study aimed to describe the time trends and risk factors for overall survival in patients receiving first-line ART in Asia.<h4>Methods</h4>We included HIV-positive adult patients who initiated ART between 2003-2013 (n=16,546), from seven sites across six Asia-Pacific countries. Patient follow-up was to May 2014. We compared survival for each country and overall by ...[more]

PMID: 26961354

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Project description:ObjectivesTo conduct two economic analyses addressing whether to: routinely monitor HIV-infected children on antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinically or with laboratory tests; continue or stop cotrimoxazole prophylaxis when children become stabilized on ART.Design and methodsThe ARROW randomized trial investigated alternative strategies to deliver paediatric ART and cotrimoxazole prophylaxis in 1206 Ugandan/Zimbabwean children. Incremental cost-effectiveness and value of implementation analyses were undertaken. Scenario analyses investigated whether laboratory monitoring (CD4 tests for efficacy monitoring; haematology/biochemistry for toxicity) could be tailored and targeted to be delivered cost-effectively. Cotrimoxazole use was examined in malaria-endemic and non-endemic settings.ResultsUsing all trial data, clinical monitoring delivered similar health outcomes to routine laboratory monitoring, but at a reduced cost, so was cost-effective. Continuing cotrimoxazole improved health outcomes at reduced costs. Restricting routine CD4 monitoring to after 52 weeks following ART initiation and removing toxicity testing was associated with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $6084 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) across all age groups, but was much lower for older children (12+ years at initiation; incremental cost-effectiveness ratio?=?$769/QALY). Committing resources to improve cotrimoxazole implementation appears cost-effective. A healthcare system that could pay $600/QALY should be willing to spend up to $12.0 per patient-year to ensure continued provision of cotrimoxazole.ConclusionClinically driven monitoring of ART is cost-effective in most circumstances. Routine laboratory monitoring is generally not cost-effective at current prices, except possibly CD4 testing amongst adolescents initiating ART. Committing resources to ensure continued provision of cotrimoxazole in health facilities is more likely to represent an efficient use of resources.

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Improved survival in HIV treatment programmes in Asia.

Publications

Improved survival in HIV treatment programmes in Asia.

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