Dataset Information

The Silencing of a 14-3-3? Homolog in Tenebrio molitor Leads to Increased Antimicrobial Activity in Hemocyte and Reduces Larval Survivability.

ABSTRACT: The 14-3-3 family of phosphorylated serine-binding proteins acts as signaling molecules in biological processes such as metabolism, division, differentiation, autophagy, and apoptosis. Herein, we report the requirement of 14-3-3? isoform from Tenebrio molitor (Tm14-3-3?) in the hemocyte antimicrobial activity. The Tm14-3-3? transcript is 771 nucleotides in length and encodes a polypeptide of 256 amino acid residues. The protein has the typical 14-3-3 domain, the nuclear export signal (NES) sequence, and the peptide binding residues. The Tm14-3-3? transcript shows a significant three-fold expression in the hemocyte of T. molitor larvae when infected with Escherichia coli Tm14-3-3? silenced larvae show significantly lower survival rates when infected with E. coli. Under Tm14-3-3? silenced condition, a strong antimicrobial activity is elicited in the hemocyte of the host inoculated with E. coli. This suggests impaired secretion of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) into the hemolymph. Furthermore, a reduction in AMP secretion under Tm14-3-3? silenced condition would be responsible for loss in the capacity to kill bacteria and might explain the reduced survivability of the larvae upon E. coli challenge. This shows that Tm14-3-3? is required to maintain innate immunity in T. molitor by enabling antimicrobial secretion into the hemolymph and explains the functional specialization of the isoform.

SUBMITTER: Seo GW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4999841 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

The Silencing of a 14-3-3ɛ Homolog in Tenebrio molitor Leads to Increased Antimicrobial Activity in Hemocyte and Reduces Larval Survivability.

Seo Gi Won GW Jo Yong Hun YH Seong Jeong Hwan JH Park Ki Beom KB Patnaik Bharat Bhusan BB Tindwa Hamisi H Kim Sun-Am SA Lee Yong Seok YS Kim Yu Jung YJ Han Yeon Soo YS

Genes 20160820 8

The 14-3-3 family of phosphorylated serine-binding proteins acts as signaling molecules in biological processes such as metabolism, division, differentiation, autophagy, and apoptosis. Herein, we report the requirement of 14-3-3ɛ isoform from Tenebrio molitor (Tm14-3-3ɛ) in the hemocyte antimicrobial activity. The Tm14-3-3ɛ transcript is 771 nucleotides in length and encodes a polypeptide of 256 amino acid residues. The protein has the typical 14-3-3 domain, the nuclear export signal (NES) seque ...[more]

PMID: 27556493

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundThe Disposable Soma Theory of aging suggests a trade-off between energy allocation for growth, reproduction and somatic maintenance, including immunity. While trade-offs between reproduction and immunity are well documented, those involving growth remain under-explored. Rapid growth might deplete resources, reducing investment in maintenance, potentially leading to earlier or faster senescence and a shorter lifespan. However, rapid growth could limit exposure to parasitism before reaching adulthood, decreasing immunity needs. The insect immunity's components (cellular, enzymatic, and antibacterial) vary in cost, effectiveness, and duration. Despite overall immunity decline (immunosenescence), its components seem to age differently. We hypothesize that investment in these immune components is adjusted based on the resource cost of growth, longevity, and the associated risk of parasitism.ResultsWe tested this hypothesis using the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor as our experimental subject. By manipulating the larval environment, including three different temperatures and three relative humidity levels, we achieved a wide range of growth durations and longevities. Our main focus was on the relationship between growth duration, longevity, and specific immune components: hemocyte count, phenoloxidase activity, and antibacterial activity. We measured these immune parameters both before and after exposing the individuals to a standard bacterial immune challenge, enabling us to assess immune responses. These measurements were taken in both young and older adult beetles. Upon altering growth duration and longevity by modifying larval temperature, we observed a more pronounced investment in cellular and antibacterial defenses among individuals with slow growth and extended lifespans. Intriguingly, slower-growing and long-lived beetles exhibited reduced enzymatic activity. Similar results were found when manipulating larval growth duration and adult longevity through variations in relative humidity, with a particular focus on antibacterial activity.ConclusionThe impact of growth manipulation on immune senescence varies by the specific immune parameter under consideration. Yet, in slow-growing T. molitor, a clear decline in cellular and antibacterial immune responses with age was observed. This decline can be linked to their initially stronger immune response in early life. Furthermore, our study suggests an immune strategy favoring enhanced antibacterial activity among slow-growing and long-lived T. molitor individuals.

Dataset Information

The Silencing of a 14-3-3? Homolog in Tenebrio molitor Leads to Increased Antimicrobial Activity in Hemocyte and Reduces Larval Survivability.

Publications

The Silencing of a 14-3-3ɛ Homolog in Tenebrio molitor Leads to Increased Antimicrobial Activity in Hemocyte and Reduces Larval Survivability.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets