Dataset Information

Illuminating viral infections in the nervous system.

ABSTRACT: Viral infections are a major cause of human disease. Although most viruses replicate in peripheral tissues, some have developed unique strategies to move into the nervous system, where they establish acute or persistent infections. Viral infections in the central nervous system (CNS) can alter homeostasis, induce neurological dysfunction and result in serious, potentially life-threatening inflammatory diseases. This Review focuses on the strategies used by neurotropic viruses to cross the barrier systems of the CNS and on how the immune system detects and responds to viral infections in the CNS. A special emphasis is placed on immune surveillance of persistent and latent viral infections and on recent insights gained from imaging both protective and pathogenic antiviral immune responses.

SUBMITTER: McGavern DB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5001841 | biostudies-literature | 2011 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Illuminating viral infections in the nervous system.

McGavern Dorian B DB Kang Silvia S SS

Nature reviews. Immunology 20110501 5

Viral infections are a major cause of human disease. Although most viruses replicate in peripheral tissues, some have developed unique strategies to move into the nervous system, where they establish acute or persistent infections. Viral infections in the central nervous system (CNS) can alter homeostasis, induce neurological dysfunction and result in serious, potentially life-threatening inflammatory diseases. This Review focuses on the strategies used by neurotropic viruses to cross the barrie ...[more]

PMID: 21508982

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundVentriculitis, a dreaded complication of brain abscess, meningitis, and various neurosurgical procedures, has attracted limited attention in the medical literature.MethodsThis is a retrospective, single-center study. We screened the medical files of all patients who had a brain imaging report that included the word "ventriculitis" during years 2005-2019. Only patients with clinical, microbiological, and imaging features of ventriculitis were included. Data were collected through a standardized questionnaire.ResultsNinety-eight patients fulfilled inclusion criteria: 42 women and 56 men, and the median age was 60 years (interquartile range, 48-68). The primary mechanism for ventriculitis was classified as follows: brain abscess (n = 29, 29.6%), meningitis (n = 27, 27.6%), intraventricular catheter-related (n = 17, 17.3%), post-neurosurgery (n = 13, 13.3%), and hematogenous (n = 12, 12.2%). The main neuroimaging features were intraventricular pus (n = 81, 82.7%), ependymal enhancement (n = 70, 71.4%), and intraventricular loculations (n = 15, 15.3%). The main pathogens were streptococci (n = 44, 44.9%), Gram-negative bacilli (n = 27, 27.6%), and staphylococci (n = 15, 15.3%). In-hospital and 1-year mortality rates were 30.6% (n = 30) and 38.8% (n = 38), respectively. Neurological sequelae were reported in 34 of 55 (61.8%) survivors, including cognitive impairment (n = 11), gait disturbances (n = 9), paresis (n = 7), behavior disorder (n = 6), and epilepsy (n = 5). On multivariate analysis, age >65 years, Glasgow Coma Scale score <13 at initial presentation, status epilepticus, hydrocephalus, and positive cerebrospinal fluid culture were associated with 1-year mortality. We built a scoring system to stratify patients with ventriculitis into low risk (12.5%), intermediate risk (36.5%), and high risk (71.4%) of death.ConclusionsVentriculitis is a severe complication of brain abscess, meningitis, or neurosurgery, with an in-hospital mortality rate of 30% and neurological sequelae in 60% of survivors.

Dataset Information

Illuminating viral infections in the nervous system.

Publications

Illuminating viral infections in the nervous system.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets