Dataset Information

25-year weight gain in a racially balanced sample of U.S. adults: The CARDIA study.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To examine 25-year trends in weight gain, partitioned by time-related and aging-related changes, during early and middle adulthood. METHODS:Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA), a prospective, non-nationally representative cohort study conducted at four urban field centers that began in 1985 to 1986 with 5,109 Black (B) and White (W) men (M) and women (W) aged 18 to 30 years, has followed participants for 25 years (aged 43-55 years in 2010-2011). Time-related and aging-related components of weight change were estimated to construct longitudinal models of linear and nonlinear trends. RESULTS:There were nonlinear trends in time-related weight gain in W, with larger weight gains early that attenuated at subsequent exams. Time-related trends were linear in M. There were nonlinear trends in aging-related weight gain in BM, BW, and WM, with the greatest weight gains at younger ages. Aging-related trends were linear in WW. Participants with overweight or obesity in early adulthood had greater attenuation of aging-related weight gain during middle adulthood. CONCLUSIONS:These findings partially support recent surveys indicating slower increases in obesity prevalence in recent years. Findings further suggest that aging-related weight gain is greatest in the 20s and may begin attenuating as early as the mid-30s among some groups.

SUBMITTER: Dutton GR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5004783 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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25-year weight gain in a racially balanced sample of U.S. adults: The CARDIA study.

Dutton Gareth R GR Kim Yongin Y Jacobs David R DR Li Xuelin X Loria Catherine M CM Reis Jared P JP Carnethon Mercedes M Durant Nefertiti H NH Gordon-Larsen Penny P Shikany James M JM Sidney Stephen S Lewis Cora E CE

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 20160901 9

<h4>Objective</h4>To examine 25-year trends in weight gain, partitioned by time-related and aging-related changes, during early and middle adulthood.<h4>Methods</h4>Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA), a prospective, non-nationally representative cohort study conducted at four urban field centers that began in 1985 to 1986 with 5,109 Black (B) and White (W) men (M) and women (W) aged 18 to 30 years, has followed participants for 25 years (aged 43-55 years in 2010-2011). Tim ...[more]

PMID: 27569121

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Evidence used to guide the current Institute of Medicine (IOM) gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations is largely derived from studies of European descent, and as such the guidelines are the same for all races and ethnicities. The guidelines are also the same for prepregnancy obesity classes I through III. OBJECTIVE:Considering these literature gaps, we aim to (1) determine the association between the IOM GWG guidelines and three common pregnancy complications: preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and cesarean delivery in a racially and ethnically diverse population; and (2) assess whether the association between GWG and pregnancy complications differs by race/ethnicity or prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) categories, particularly obesity classes I through III. METHODS:To address these aims, we analyzed data from the Boston Birth Cohort. We calculated GWG using data from electronic medical records or, when missing, from a postdelivery questionnaire. We examined GWG continuously and categorically using the IOM formula. RESULTS:Of the 5,568 women included, 54.5% met the IOM criterion for excessive GWG. Compared to women who had adequate GWG, women who gained excessive weight had 1.65 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27-2.14) times greater odds of preeclampsia; 1.68 (95% CI 1.15-2.46) times greater odds of gestational diabetes; and no significant change in odds of cesarean delivery (odds ratio [OR]?=?1.14, 95% CI 0.99-1.31). Associations did not differ by race, ethnicity, or prepregnancy BMI categories including comparisons of obesity class I versus II or III (all p-values for interaction >0.05). CONCLUSIONS:In this racially and ethnically diverse population, excessive GWG was associated with higher odds of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and nonsignificantly, with cesarean delivery. Associations did not differ appreciably by race, ethnicity, or prepregnancy BMI categories. Our results support the relevance of the IOM GWG recommendations in racially and ethnically diverse populations, and in women in the higher prepregnancy obesity classes.

Project description:Objectives: Complementary health approaches include herbal products and mind-body practices. Several studies have identified predictors for complementary health approach use, yet there are two gaps: (1) How does use change? (2) Do factors associated with use influence this change over time? Using the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS), we examined how sociodemographic factors affected use longitudinally, and whether these associations differed between new and continued/discontinued use of herbal products, meditation, chiropractic, and massage therapy. Design: MIDUS is a national probability sample of adults aged 25 or older that has collected more than 20 years of longitudinal data, including the use of complementary health approaches. We employed the Andersen Model as a framework to identify predisposing, enabling, and health need factors associated with complementary health approach use based on previously identified and hypothesized factors. We ran Chi-square analyses to first test bivariate associations between our independent variables and four modalities to further guide logistic regression models. Results: Each of the four approaches examined saw substantial increases in prevalent use. However, only about 25% to 38% of individuals continued use from one wave to the next, whereas only 2%-9% of individuals who did not use a given approach in a wave reported use in the subsequent wave. Age, spiritual importance, and previous wave one use were all significantly associated with new use across all four modalities. Previous wave one use was associated with continued/discontinued use for all modalities. Age and education were significantly associated with discontinued use of chiropractic. Conclusion: We present the first longitudinal analysis of complementary health approaches in a nationally representative sample. These data distinguish between new and continued/discontinued use of complementary health approaches over time and provide insights into the interpretation of complementary health approach prevalence data, as well as important predictors of use.

Dataset Information

25-year weight gain in a racially balanced sample of U.S. adults: The CARDIA study.

Publications

25-year weight gain in a racially balanced sample of U.S. adults: The CARDIA study.

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