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Enhanced immune response of MAIT cells in tuberculous pleural effusions depends on cytokine signaling.

ABSTRACT: The functions of MAIT cells at the site of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in humans are still largely unknown. In this study, the phenotypes and immune response of MAIT cells from tuberculous pleural effusions and peripheral blood were investigated. MAIT cells in tuberculous pleural effusions had greatly enhanced IFN-?, IL-17F and granzyme B response compared with those in peripheral blood. The level of IFN-? response in MAIT cells from tuberculous pleural effusions was inversely correlated with the extent of tuberculosis infection (p?=?0.0006). To determine whether cytokines drive the immune responses of MAIT cells at the site of tuberculosis infection, the role of IL-1?, IL-2, IL-7, IL-12, IL-15 and IL-18 was investigated. Blockade of IL-2, IL-12 or IL-18 led to significantly reduced production of IFN-? and/or granzyme B in MAIT cells from tuberculous pleural effusions. Majority of IL-2-producing cells (94.50%) in tuberculous pleural effusions had phenotype of CD3(+)CD4(+), and most IL-12p40-producing cells (91.39%) were CD14(+) cells. MAIT cells had significantly elevated expression of ?c receptor which correlated with enhanced immune responses of MAIT cells. It is concluded that MAIT cells from tuberculous pleural effusions exhibited highly elevated immune response to Mtb antigens, which are controlled by cytokines produced by innate/adaptive immune cells.

SUBMITTER: Jiang J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5009363 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Enhanced immune response of MAIT cells in tuberculous pleural effusions depends on cytokine signaling.

Jiang Jing J Chen Xinchun X An Hongjuan H Yang Bingfen B Zhang Fuping F Cheng Xiaoxing X

Scientific reports 20160902

The functions of MAIT cells at the site of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in humans are still largely unknown. In this study, the phenotypes and immune response of MAIT cells from tuberculous pleural effusions and peripheral blood were investigated. MAIT cells in tuberculous pleural effusions had greatly enhanced IFN-γ, IL-17F and granzyme B response compared with those in peripheral blood. The level of IFN-γ response in MAIT cells from tuberculous pleural effusions was inversely correlate ...[more]

PMID: 27586092

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Project description:Background and objectivePleural effusions (PEs) are commonly seen in various pathologies and have a significant impact on patient health and quality of life. Unlike for malignant PEs, non-malignant PEs (NMPEs) do not have well-established guidelines. Much of the evidence base in this field is from a handful of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and the majority are from retrospective cohort analyses and cases series. Cardiac related PEs fall within the entity of NMPEs and the aim of this narrative review is to gather the existing evidence in the field of congestive heart failure (CHF), pericarditis and post-cardiac injury syndrome (PCIS). This narrative review investigates the pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria and treatment options for the various cause of cardiac related PEs.MethodsThis narrative review is based on a comprehensive literature search analysing RCTs, prospective and retrospective cohort analyses and published case series.Key content and findingsCHF related PEs have a substantial mortality rate and carry a worse prognosis if the PEs are bilateral and transudative in nature. Light's criteria have often shown to misclassify transudative effusions in CHF (pseudo-exudates) and hence measuring serum-pleural albumin gradient is an invaluable tool to accurately identify transudates. Elevated serum and pleural N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) has shown increasing evidence of correctly identifying PEs secondary to CHF. However, they should be considered with the pre-test probability of CHF. Therapeutic thoracentesis and indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) placement may be necessary if medical management has failed. PEs can also occur secondary to pericarditis and are often small, bilateral and exudative. PCIS also results in PEs and are commonly seen in post-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Both entities need management of the underlying cause first, but in cases where PEs are refractory, individualised pleural interventions may be necessary.ConclusionsThis comprehensive narrative review provides valuable insights into the aetiology, diagnosis and management of PEs secondary to CHF, pericarditis and PCIS. The aim is to enhance the clinicians' knowledge of this complex and controversial topic to improve patient care of cardiac-related PEs. Ongoing trials in this field will be able to provide valuable insights.

Dataset Information

Enhanced immune response of MAIT cells in tuberculous pleural effusions depends on cytokine signaling.

Publications

Enhanced immune response of MAIT cells in tuberculous pleural effusions depends on cytokine signaling.

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