Treating rheumatological diseases and co-morbidities with interleukin-1 blocking therapies.
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ABSTRACT: The inflammatory cytokines IL-1? and IL-1? orchestrate local and systemic inflammatory responses underlying a broad spectrum of diseases. Three agents for reducing IL-1 activities are currently available. Anakinra is a recombinant form of the naturally occurring IL-1 receptor antagonist. Anakinra binds to the IL-1 receptor and prevents the activity of IL-1? and IL-1?. The soluble decoy receptor rilonacept and the neutralizing mAb canakinumab block IL-1?. A mAb directed against the IL-1 receptor and a neutralizing anti-human IL-1? are in clinical trials. The availability of therapies specifically targeting IL-1 unveiled the pathological role of IL-1-mediated inflammation in a broadening list of diseases. Conditions effectively treated with agents blocking IL-1 range from classic rheumatic diseases, such as RA and gout, to autoinflammatory syndromes, such as systemic JIA and FMF. However, IL-1 antagonism is also effective against highly prevalent inflammatory diseases, namely cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, conditions that are frequently encountered as co-morbidities in patients with rheumatic diseases. Thereby, IL-1 inhibition has the potential to lift the burden of disease for patients with rheumatic conditions, but also to provide clinical benefits beyond the efficacy on osteoarticular manifestations.
SUBMITTER: Cavalli G
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5009422 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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