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Perceived discrimination is associated with health behaviours among African-Americans in the Jackson Heart Study.

ABSTRACT: Using Jackson Heart Study data, we examined associations of multiple measures of perceived discrimination with health behaviours among African-Americans (AA).The cross-sectional associations of everyday, lifetime and burden of discrimination with odds of smoking and mean differences in physical activity, dietary fat and sleep were examined among 4925 participants aged 35-84 years after adjustment for age and socioeconomic status (SES).Men reported slightly higher levels of everyday and lifetime discrimination than women and similar levels of burden of discrimination as women. After adjustment for age and SES, everyday discrimination was associated with more smoking and a greater percentage of dietary fat in men and women (OR for smoking: 1.13, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.28 and 1.19, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.34; mean difference in dietary fat: 0.37, p<0.05 and 0.43, p<0.01, in men and women, respectively). Everyday and lifetime discrimination were associated with fewer hours of sleep in men and women (mean difference for everyday discrimination: -0.08, p<0.05 and -0.18, p<0.001, respectively; and mean difference for lifetime discrimination: -0.08, p<0.05 and -0.24, p<0.001, respectively). Burden of discrimination was associated with more smoking and fewer hours of sleep in women only.Higher levels of perceived discrimination were associated with select health behaviours among men and women. Health behaviours offer a potential mechanism through which perceived discrimination affects health in AA.

SUBMITTER: Sims M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5014355 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Perceived discrimination is associated with health behaviours among African-Americans in the Jackson Heart Study.

Sims Mario M Diez-Roux Ana V AV Gebreab Samson Y SY Brenner Allison A Dubbert Patricia P Wyatt Sharon S Bruce Marino M Hickson DeMarc D Payne Tom T Taylor Herman H

Journal of epidemiology and community health 20150928 2

<h4>Background</h4>Using Jackson Heart Study data, we examined associations of multiple measures of perceived discrimination with health behaviours among African-Americans (AA).<h4>Methods</h4>The cross-sectional associations of everyday, lifetime and burden of discrimination with odds of smoking and mean differences in physical activity, dietary fat and sleep were examined among 4925 participants aged 35-84 years after adjustment for age and socioeconomic status (SES).<h4>Results</h4>Men report ...[more]

PMID: 26417003

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Project description:INTRODUCTION:Perceiving discriminatory treatment may contribute to systemic inflammation, a risk factor of cardiovascular pathophysiology. This study evaluated the association of self-reported discrimination with changes in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and the mediating role of adiposity. METHODS:The sample included 5,145 African-Americans, aged 21-92 years, in the Jackson Heart Study. Everyday, lifetime, and burden from perceived discrimination comprised primary predictors in 3 sets of multivariable linear regression models of baseline (2000-2004) discrimination and natural logarithm of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Multivariable linear mixed models assessed mean changes in natural logarithm of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein over the study period (2000-2013). Mediation was quantified by percentage changes in estimates adjusted for BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio. Multiple imputation addressed missingness in baseline covariates and in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein taken at all 3 study examinations. Analyses were conducted in 2018. RESULTS:In cross-sectional analyses, male participants in the middle and highest tertiles of lifetime discrimination had natural logarithm of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels that were 0.13 (95% CI= -0.24, -0.01) and 0.15 (95% CI= -0.27, -0.02) natural logarithm(mg/dL) lower than those in the lowest tertile. In longitudinal analyses, all participants reporting more frequent everyday discrimination had a 0.07 natural logarithm(mg/dL) greater increase in natural logarithm of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein per examination than those reporting none (95% CI=0.01, 0.12). A similar trend emerged for lifetime discrimination and changes in natural logarithm of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (adjusted mean increase per visit: 0.04 natural logarithm[mg/dL], 95% CI=0.01, 0.08). Adiposity did not mediate the longitudinal associations. CONCLUSIONS:Everyday and lifetime discrimination were associated with significant high-sensitivity C-reactive protein increases over 13 years. The physiologic response to discrimination may lead to systemic inflammation.

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Perceived discrimination is associated with health behaviours among African-Americans in the Jackson Heart Study.

Publications

Perceived discrimination is associated with health behaviours among African-Americans in the Jackson Heart Study.

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