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The Role of Autologous and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Follicular Lymphoma in The New Drugs Era.

ABSTRACT: Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the second most common histotype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and it is generally characterized by a heterogeneous clinical course. Despite recent therapeutic and diagnostic improvements, a significant fraction of FL patients still relapsed. In younger and/or fit FL relapsed patients bone marrow transplant (BMT) has represented the main salvage therapy for many years. Thanks to the ability of high-dose chemotherapy to overcome the lymphoma resistance and refractoriness, autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) can achieve a high complete remission rate (CR) and favorable outcome regarding progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) combines the high dose chemotherapy effect together with the immune reaction of the donor immune system against lymphoma, the so-called 'graft versus lymphoma' (GVL) effect. Considering the generally higher transplant-related mortality (TRM), alloSCT is mostly indicated for FL relapsed after ASCT. During the last years, there have been a great spread of novel effective and feasible drugs Although these and future novel drugs will probably change our current approach to FL, the OS post-BMT (ASCT and alloSCT) has never been reproduced by any novel combination. In this scenario, it is important to correctly evaluate the disease status, the relapse risk and the comorbidity profile of the relapsed FL patients in order to provide the best salvage therapy and eventually transplant consolidation.

SUBMITTER: Maura F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5016019 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Role of Autologous and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Follicular Lymphoma in The New Drugs Era.

Maura Francesco F Farina Lucia L Corradini Paolo P

Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases 20160901 1

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the second most common histotype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and it is generally characterized by a heterogeneous clinical course. Despite recent therapeutic and diagnostic improvements, a significant fraction of FL patients still relapsed. In younger and/or fit FL relapsed patients bone marrow transplant (BMT) has represented the main salvage therapy for many years. Thanks to the ability of high-dose chemotherapy to overcome the lymphoma resistance and refractoriness, ...[more]

PMID: 27648208

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Project description:Patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) typically experience an indolent course; however, the disease is rarely curable with conventional chemotherapy. Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) can extend progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), but relapse is the primary cause of failure. Allogeneic HCT confers lower relapse rates due to a graft-versus-lymphoma effect. Reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) allows the performance of allogeneic HCT with lower toxicity. The Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network conducted a prospective multicenter trial comparing these two strategies in patients with relapsed, chemotherapy-sensitive FL. Patients were assigned to a treatment arm based on the availability of an HLA-matched sibling donor (MSD). Those with an MSD underwent allogeneic HCT (n = 8) with the FCR preparative regimen (fludarabine, cyclophosphamide [Cy], rituximab [RTX]) and received tacrolimus and methotrexate for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. Those without an MSD (n = 22) underwent mobilization with Cy, RTX, and filgrastim and received a conditioning regimen of either CBV (Cy, carmustine, Etoposide [VP16]) or total body irradiation with Cy and VP16. Patients undergoing autologous HCT received 4 doses of weekly maintenance RTX (375 mg/m²) starting on day +42 post-HCT. Sixteen patients were in complete remission, 10 patients were in partial remission, and 1 patient had stable disease after salvage therapy and before HCT. Median follow-up was 36 months (range, 1-51 months). OS was 73% in autologous HCT versus 100% in allogeneic HCT, and PFS was 63% in autologous HCT versus 86% in allogeneic HCT. No patient had grade II-IV acute GVHD; two patients developed extensive chronic GVHD. Three autologous recipients died from nonrelapse causes. This trial closed early because of slow accrual. We show that the FCR regimen is well tolerated, and that both allogeneic and autologous HCT result in promising 3-year OS and PFS in patients with relapsed FL.

Dataset Information

The Role of Autologous and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Follicular Lymphoma in The New Drugs Era.

Publications

The Role of Autologous and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Follicular Lymphoma in The New Drugs Era.

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