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24-hour-restraint stress induces long-term depressive-like phenotypes in mice.

ABSTRACT: There is an increasing risk of mental disorders, such as acute stress disorder (ASD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression among survivors who were trapped in rubble during earthquake. Such long-term impaction of a single acute restraint stress has not been extensively explored. In this study, we subjected mice to 24-hour-restraint to simulate the trapping episode, and investigated the acute (2 days after the restraint) and long-term (35 days after the restraint) impacts. Surprisingly, we found that the mice displayed depression-like behaviors, decreased glucose uptake in brain and reduced adult hippocampal neurogenesis 35 days after the restraint. Differential expression profiling based on microarrays suggested that genes and pathways related to depression and other mental disorders were differentially expressed in both PFC and hippocampus. Furthermore, the depression-like phenotypes induced by 24-hour-restraint could be reversed by fluoxetine, a type of antidepressant drug. These findings demonstrated that a single severe stressful event could produce long-term depressive-like phenotypes. Moreover, the 24-hour-restraint stress mice could also be used for further studies on mood disorders.

SUBMITTER: Chu X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5016966 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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24-hour-restraint stress induces long-term depressive-like phenotypes in mice.

Chu Xixia X Zhou Ying Y Hu Zhiqiang Z Lou Jingyu J Song Wei W Li Jing J Liang Xiao X Chen Chen C Wang Shuai S Yang Beimeng B Chen Lei L Zhang Xu X Song Jinjing J Dong Yujie Y Chen Shiqing S He Lin L Xie Qingguo Q Chen Xiaoping X Li Weidong W

Scientific reports 20160909

There is an increasing risk of mental disorders, such as acute stress disorder (ASD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression among survivors who were trapped in rubble during earthquake. Such long-term impaction of a single acute restraint stress has not been extensively explored. In this study, we subjected mice to 24-hour-restraint to simulate the trapping episode, and investigated the acute (2 days after the restraint) and long-term (35 days after the restraint) impacts. Surpris ...[more]

PMID: 27609090

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Project description:ImportanceEvidence regarding the nature and prevalence of 24-hour activity pattern phenotypes in older adults, especially those related to depression symptoms and cognition, is needed to guide the development of targeted mechanism research and behavioral interventions.ObjectivesTo identify subgroups of older adults with similar 24-hour activity rhythm characteristics and characterize associated depression symptoms and cognitive performance.Design, setting, and participantsFrom January to March 2022, a cross-sectional analysis of the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination and Survey (NHANES) accelerometer study was conducted. The NHANES used a multistage probability sample that was designed to be representative of noninstitutionalized adults in the US. The main analysis included participants 65 years or older who had accelerometer and depression measures weighted to represent approximately 32 million older adults.ExposuresLatent profile analysis identified subgroups with similar 24-hour activity pattern characteristics as measured using extended-cosine and nonparametric methods.Main outcomes and measuresCovariate-adjusted sample-weighted regressions assessed associations of subgroup membership with (1) depression symptoms defined as 9-Item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scores of 10 or greater (PHQ-9) and (2) having at least psychometric mild cognitive impairment (p-MCI) defined as scoring less than 1 SD below the mean on a composite cognitive performance score.ResultsThe actual clustering sample size was 1800 (weighted: mean [SD] age, 72.9 [7.3] years; 57% female participants). Clustering identified 4 subgroups: (1) 677 earlier rising/robust (37.6%), (2) 587 shorter active period/less modelable (32.6%), (3) 177 shorter active period/very weak (9.8%), and (4) 359 later settling/very weak (20.0%). The prevalence of a PHQ-9 score of 10 or greater differed significantly across groups (cluster 1, 3.5%; cluster 2, 4.7%; cluster 3, 7.5%; cluster 4, 9.0%; χ2 P = .004). The prevalence of having at least p-MCI differed significantly across groups (cluster 1, 7.2%; cluster 2, 12.0%; cluster 3, 21.0%; cluster 4, 18.0%; χ2 P < .001). Five of 9 depression symptoms differed significantly across subgroups.Conclusions and relevanceIn this cross-sectional study, findings indicate that approximately 1 in 5 older adults in the US may be classified in a subgroup with weak activity patterns and later settling, and approximately 1 in 10 may be classified in a subgroup with weak patterns and shorter active duration. Future research is needed to investigate the biologic processes related to these behavioral phenotypes, including why earlier and robust activity patterns appear protective, and whether modifying disrupted patterns improves outcomes.

Dataset Information

24-hour-restraint stress induces long-term depressive-like phenotypes in mice.

Publications

24-hour-restraint stress induces long-term depressive-like phenotypes in mice.

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