Dataset Information

Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and risk of breast cancer in nonsmoking women. An updated review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Context

In 2006, we reviewed the evidence on environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and breast cancer in nonsmoking women. Since then various studies and reviews have been published but opinion remains divided.

Objective

To provide an updated review.

Methods

We extracted study details, derived relative risk (RR) estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for various ETS exposure indices, and conducted meta-analyses.

Results

The update increased the number of studies from 22 to 47. Using an index for each study most closely equivalent to "spouse ever smoked", a weak but significant association was seen (random-effects RR?=?1.15, 95% CI?=?1.07-1.23). However, the estimates were heterogeneous: higher for Asian studies than for North American or European studies, higher for studies adjusting for fewer potential confounding variables, and close to 1.0 for prospective studies, regardless of whether or not they asked detailed questions on ETS exposure. The RR for eight prospective studies asking detailed questions was 1.003, 95% CI?=?0.96-1.05. Risk was increased in premenopausal women (RR?=?1.36, 95% CI?=?1.15-1.60), but not postmenopausal women. Dose-response findings were similarly heterogeneous. No significant increase was seen for childhood or workplace exposure, but an increase was seen for total exposure (RR?=?1.22, 95% CI?=?1.09-1.37).

Conclusions

Increases mainly derived from case-control studies are prone to recall bias. Study weaknesses and possible publication bias limit interpretation. Considering also the weak association of smoking with breast cancer, and the much lower exposures from ETS than from smoking, our analyses do not clearly demonstrate that ETS exposure increases risk of breast cancer in nonsmokers. More research is needed.

SUBMITTER: Lee PN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5020324 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and risk of breast cancer in nonsmoking women. An updated review and meta-analysis.

Lee Peter N PN Hamling Jan S JS

Inhalation toxicology 20160801 10

<h4>Context</h4>In 2006, we reviewed the evidence on environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and breast cancer in nonsmoking women. Since then various studies and reviews have been published but opinion remains divided.<h4>Objective</h4>To provide an updated review.<h4>Methods</h4>We extracted study details, derived relative risk (RR) estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for various ETS exposure indices, and conducted meta-analyses.<h4>Results</h4>The update increased the number of studies from 2 ...[more]

PMID: 27541291

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Project description:The developing fetus is especially vulnerable to environmental toxicants, including tobacco constituents. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure during pregnancy on child neurodevelopment within the first two years of life. The study population consisted of 461 non-smoking pregnant women (saliva cotinine level <10 ng/mL). Maternal passive smoking was assessed based on the cotinine level in saliva analyzed by the use of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI + MS/MS) and by questionnaire data. The cotinine cut-off value for passive smoking was established at 1.5 ng/mL (sensitivity 63%, specificity 71%). Psychomotor development was assessed in children at the age of one- and two-years using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development. Approximately 30% of the women were exposed to ETS during pregnancy. The multivariate linear regression model indicated that ETS exposure in the 1st and the 2nd trimesters of pregnancy were associated with decreasing child language functions at the age of one (? = -3.0, p = 0.03, and ? = -4.1, p = 0.008, respectively), and two years (? = -3.8, p = 0.05, and ? = -6.3, p = 0.005, respectively). A negative association was found for cotinine level ?1.5 ng/mL in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy and child cognition at the age of 2 (? = -4.6, p = 0.05), as well as cotinine levels ?1.5 ng/mL in all trimesters of pregnancy and child motor abilities at two years of age (? = -3.9, p = 0.06, ? = -5.3, p = 0.02, and ? = -4.2, p = 0.05, for the 1st, the 2nd, and the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, respectively; for the 1st trimester the effect was of borderline statistical significance). This study confirmed that ETS exposure during pregnancy can have a negative impact on child psychomotor development within the first two years of life and underscore the importance of public health interventions aiming at reducing this exposure.

Project description:ImportanceEstimating absolute risk of lung cancer for never-smoking individuals is important to inform lung cancer screening programs.ObjectivesTo integrate data on environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), a known lung cancer risk factor, with a polygenic risk score (PRS) that captures overall genetic susceptibility, to estimate the absolute risk of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) among never-smokers in Taiwan.Design, setting, and participantsThe analyses were conducted in never-smoking women in the Taiwan Genetic Epidemiology Study of Lung Adenocarcinoma, a case-control study. Participants were recruited between September 17, 2002, and March 30, 2011. Data analysis was performed from January 17 to July 15, 2022.ExposuresA PRS was derived using 25 genetic variants that achieved genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10-8) in a recent genome-wide association study, and ETS was defined as never exposed, exposed at home or at work, and exposed at home and at work.Main outcomes and measuresThe Individualized Coherent Absolute Risk Estimator software was used to estimate the lifetime absolute risk of LUAD in never-smoking women aged 40 years over a projected 40-year span among the controls by using the relative risk estimates for the PRS and ETS exposures, as well as age-specific lung cancer incidence rates for never-smokers in Taiwan. Likelihood ratio tests were conducted to assess an additive interaction between the PRS and ETS exposure.ResultsData were obtained on 1024 women with LUAD (mean [SD] age, 59.6 [11.4] years, 47.9% ever exposed to ETS at home, and 19.5% ever exposed to ETS at work) and 1024 controls (mean [SD] age, 58.9 [11.0] years, 37.0% ever exposed to ETS at home, and 14.3% ever exposed to ETS at work). The overall average lifetime 40-year absolute risk of LUAD estimated using PRS alone was 2.5% (range, 0.6%-10.3%) among women never exposed to ETS. When integrating both ETS and PRS data, the estimated absolute risk was 3.7% (range, 0.6%-14.5%) for women exposed to ETS at home or work and 5.3% (range, 1.2%-12.1%) for women exposed to ETS at home and work. A super-additive interaction between ETS and the PRS (P = 6.5 × 10-4 for interaction) was identified.Conclusions and relevanceThis study found differences in absolute risk of LUAD attributed to genetic susceptibility according to levels of ETS exposure in never-smoking women. Future studies are warranted to integrate these findings in expanded risk models for LUAD.

Dataset Information

Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and risk of breast cancer in nonsmoking women. An updated review and meta-analysis.

Context

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and risk of breast cancer in nonsmoking women. An updated review and meta-analysis.

Similar Datasets

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