Dataset Information

Optimizing odor identification testing as quick and accurate diagnostic tool for Parkinson's disease.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

The aim of this study was to evaluate odor identification testing as a quick, cheap, and reliable tool to identify PD.

Methods

Odor identification with the 16-item Sniffin' Sticks test (SS-16) was assessed in a total of 646 PD patients and 606 controls from three European centers (A, B, and C), as well as 75 patients with atypical parkinsonism or essential tremor and in a prospective cohort of 24 patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (center A). Reduced odor sets most discriminative for PD were determined in a discovery cohort derived from a random split of PD patients and controls from center A using L1-regularized logistic regression. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed in the rest of the patients/controls as validation cohorts.

Results

Olfactory performance was lower in PD patients compared with controls and non-PD patients in all cohorts (each P < 0.001). Both the full SS-16 and a subscore of the top eight discriminating odors (SS-8) were associated with an excellent discrimination of PD from controls (areas under the curve ?0.90; sensitivities ?83.3%; specificities ?82.0%) and from non-PD patients (areas under the curve ?0.91; sensitivities ?84.1%; specificities ?84.0%) in all cohorts. This remained unchanged when patients with >3 years of disease duration were excluded from analysis. All 8 incident PD cases among patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder were predicted with the SS-16 and the SS-8 (sensitivity, 100%; positive predictive value, 61.5%).

Conclusions

Odor identification testing provides excellent diagnostic accuracy in the distinction of PD patients from controls and diagnostic mimics. A reduced set of eight odors could be used as a quick tool in the workup of patients presenting with parkinsonism and for PD risk indication. © 2016 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

SUBMITTER: Mahlknecht P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5026160 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Optimizing odor identification testing as quick and accurate diagnostic tool for Parkinson's disease.

Mahlknecht Philipp P Pechlaner Raimund R Boesveldt Sanne S Volc Dieter D Pinter Bernardette B Reiter Eva E Müller Christoph C Krismer Florian F Berendse Henk W HW van Hilten Jacobus J JJ Wuschitz Albert A Schimetta Wolfgang W Högl Birgit B Djamshidian Atbin A Nocker Michael M Göbel Georg G Gasperi Arno A Kiechl Stefan S Willeit Johann J Poewe Werner W Seppi Klaus K

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society 20160509 9

<h4>Introduction</h4>The aim of this study was to evaluate odor identification testing as a quick, cheap, and reliable tool to identify PD.<h4>Methods</h4>Odor identification with the 16-item Sniffin' Sticks test (SS-16) was assessed in a total of 646 PD patients and 606 controls from three European centers (A, B, and C), as well as 75 patients with atypical parkinsonism or essential tremor and in a prospective cohort of 24 patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (cen ...[more]

PMID: 27159493

Similar Datasets

Project description:Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease whose main neuropathological feature is the loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra (SN). There is also an increase in iron content in the SN in postmortem and imaging studies using iron-sensitive MRI techniques. However, MRI results are variable across studies. Objectives: We performed a systematic meta-analysis of SN iron imaging studies in PD to better understand the role of iron-sensitive MRI quantification to distinguish patients from healthy controls. We also studied the factors that may influence iron quantification and analyzed the correlations between demographic and clinical data and iron load. Methods: We searched PubMed and ScienceDirect databases (from January 1994 to December 2019) for studies that analyzed iron load in the SN of PD patients using T2*, R2*, susceptibility weighting imaging (SWI), or quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and compared the values with healthy controls. Details for each study regarding participants, imaging methods, and results were extracted. The effect size and confidence interval (CI) of 95% were calculated for each study as well as the pooled weighted effect size for each marker over studies. Hence, the correlations between technical and clinical metrics with iron load were analyzed. Results: Forty-six articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria including 27 for T2*/R2* measures, 10 for SWI, and 17 for QSM (3,135 patients and 1,675 controls). Eight of the articles analyzed both R2* and QSM. A notable effect size was found in the SN in PD for R2* increase (effect size: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.60 to 1.08), for SWI measurements (1.14, 95% CI: 0.54 to 1.73), and for QSM increase (1.13, 95% CI: 0.86 to 1.39). Correlations between imaging measures and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores were mostly observed for QSM. Conclusions: The consistent increase in MRI measures of iron content in PD across the literature using R2*, SWI, or QSM techniques confirmed that these measurements provided reliable markers of iron content in PD. Several of these measurements correlated with the severity of motor symptoms. Lastly, QSM appeared more robust and reproducible than R2* and more suited to multicenter studies.

Dataset Information

Optimizing odor identification testing as quick and accurate diagnostic tool for Parkinson's disease.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Optimizing odor identification testing as quick and accurate diagnostic tool for Parkinson's disease.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets