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Anxiety and Shame as Risk Factors for Depression, Suicidality, and Functional Impairment in Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.

ABSTRACT: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) are associated with elevated depression, suicidality, functional impairment, and days housebound, yet little research has identified risk factors for these outcomes. Using path analysis, the present study examined anxiety and shame as risk factors for these outcomes across Internet-recruited self-report groups (BDD [n = 114], OCD [n = 114], and healthy control [HC; n = 133]). Paths from anxiety and shame to outcomes were similar and mostly significant across BDD and OCD, compared to non-significant paths for HCs, with one exception: the path from shame to depression was significant in the BDD group (b = 0.32) but non-significant in the OCD group (b = 0.07). Findings underscore similarities in BDD and OCD, supporting their reclassification into the same Obsessive Compulsive Related Disorders category. Results emphasize the importance of targeting shame, in addition to anxiety, in treatments for BDD and OCD.

SUBMITTER: Weingarden H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5026856 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Anxiety and Shame as Risk Factors for Depression, Suicidality, and Functional Impairment in Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.

Weingarden Hilary H Renshaw Keith D KD Wilhelm Sabine S Tangney June P JP DiMauro Jennifer J

The Journal of nervous and mental disease 20161101 11

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) are associated with elevated depression, suicidality, functional impairment, and days housebound, yet little research has identified risk factors for these outcomes. Using path analysis, the present study examined anxiety and shame as risk factors for these outcomes across Internet-recruited self-report groups (BDD [n = 114], OCD [n = 114], and healthy control [HC; n = 133]). Paths from anxiety and shame to outcomes were simi ...[more]

PMID: 26998694

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Project description:ObjectiveFamilial aspects of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), including accommodation and treatment, have received notable and warranted attention. However, individual perspectives of its repercussions on family functioning, including emotional and occupational parental burden, have not been closely examined. The present study details this topic using a large multicenter sample.MethodParticipants included 354 youth affected with OCD and their mothers and fathers ascertained through OCD programs in Boston, Massachusetts (n = 180) and Vancouver, British Columbia (n = 174). The validated OCD Family Functioning Scale and standard OCD measurements were completed. Descriptive, between-site, and cross-perspective comparative analyses were followed by regression model testing to predict family impairment.ResultsFamily functioning was negatively affected from youth, mother, and father perspectives. Impairment was reportedly more extensive at the time of worst OCD severity and was greater from maternal versus paternal viewpoints. Most frequently affected family tasks and implicated OCD symptoms included morning and bedtime routines and intrusive thoughts. Emotional repercussions in all members included stress and anxiety, followed by frustration or anger in youth and sadness in parents. Nearly half of mothers and one third of fathers reported daily occupational impairment. Compared with youth self-report, parents perceived fewer social and academic effects on their child. Family accommodation most consistently predicted family impairment, especially from parent perspectives. OCD and compulsion severity, contamination and religious obsessions, and comorbidities also predicted various perspectives of family subdomain impairment.ConclusionThis study quantitatively details the pervasive burden that pediatric OCD places on families, as reported from complementary relative perspectives. Further attention to this topic is warranted in clinical and research realms.

Dataset Information

Anxiety and Shame as Risk Factors for Depression, Suicidality, and Functional Impairment in Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.

Publications

Anxiety and Shame as Risk Factors for Depression, Suicidality, and Functional Impairment in Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.

Similar Datasets

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