Dataset Information

Temporal Development of Gut Microbiota in Triclocarban Exposed Pregnant and Neonatal Rats.

ABSTRACT: Alteration of gut microbial colonization process may influence susceptibility of the newborn/infant to infectious and chronic disease. Infectious disease risk leads to widespread use of non-prescription antimicrobials in household products such as Triclocarban (TCC), an antimicrobial compound in personal care products. TCC concentrates in and is transferred through the milk to suckling offspring. TCC exposure during gestation and lactation significantly reduced phylogenetic diversity (PD) among exposed dams and neonates. Among dams using weighted UniFrac distances, TCC induced significant dysbiosis of gut microbiota by gestational day (GD) 18, a trend that continued after delivery. Similarly, an overall restructuring of gut microbiota occurred in neonates. By postnatal day (PND) 12, communities separated based on exposure status and became significantly different at PND 16. The ability of TCC to drive microbial dysbiosis warrants future investigation to evaluate the safety of non-prescription antimicrobial use, including TCC, during critical exposure windows.

SUBMITTER: Kennedy RC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5028839 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Temporal Development of Gut Microbiota in Triclocarban Exposed Pregnant and Neonatal Rats.

Kennedy Rebekah C RC Fling Russell R RR Robeson Michael S MS Saxton Arnold M AM Donnell Robert L RL Darcy John L JL Bemis David A DA Liu Jiang J Zhao Ling L Chen Jiangang J

Scientific reports 20160920

Alteration of gut microbial colonization process may influence susceptibility of the newborn/infant to infectious and chronic disease. Infectious disease risk leads to widespread use of non-prescription antimicrobials in household products such as Triclocarban (TCC), an antimicrobial compound in personal care products. TCC concentrates in and is transferred through the milk to suckling offspring. TCC exposure during gestation and lactation significantly reduced phylogenetic diversity (PD) among ...[more]

PMID: 27646684

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Project description:BackgroundPostnatal development of early life microbiota influences immunity, metabolism, neurodevelopment, and infant health. Microbiome development occurs at multiple body sites, with distinct community compositions and functions. Associations between microbiota at multiple sites represent an unexplored influence on the infant microbiome. Here, we examined co-occurrence patterns of gut and respiratory microbiota in pre- and full-term infants over the first year of life, a period critical to neonatal development.ResultsGut and respiratory microbiota collected as longitudinal rectal, throat, and nasal samples from 38 pre-term and 44 full-term infants were first clustered into community state types (CSTs) on the basis of their compositional profiles. Multiple methods were used to relate the occurrence of CSTs to temporal microbiota development and measures of infant maturity, including gestational age (GA) at birth, week of life (WOL), and post-menstrual age (PMA). Manifestation of CSTs followed one of three patterns with respect to infant maturity: (1) chronological, with CST occurrence frequency solely a function of post-natal age (WOL), (2) idiosyncratic to maturity at birth, with the interval of CST occurrence dependent on infant post-natal age but the frequency of occurrence dependent on GA at birth, and (3) convergent, in which CSTs appear first in infants of greater maturity at birth, with occurrence frequency in pre-terms converging after a post-natal interval proportional to pre-maturity. The composition of CSTs was highly dissimilar between different body sites, but the CST of any one body site was highly predictive of the CSTs at other body sites. There were significant associations between the abundance of individual taxa at each body site and the CSTs of the other body sites, which persisted after stringent control for the non-linear effects of infant maturity. Canonical correlations exist between the microbiota composition at each pair of body sites, with the strongest correlations between proximal locations.ConclusionThese findings suggest that early microbiota is shaped by neonatal innate and adaptive developmental responses. Temporal progression of CST occurrence is influenced by infant maturity at birth and post-natal age. Significant associations of microbiota across body sites reveal distal connections and coordinated development of the infant microbial ecosystem.

Project description:Acute high-altitude hypoxia can lead to intestinal damage and changes in gut microbiota. Sustained and reliable oxygen enrichment can resist hypoxic damage at high altitude to a certain extent. However, it remains unclear whether oxygen enrichment can protect against gut damage and changes in intestinal flora caused by acute altitude hypoxia. For this study, eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups, control (NN), hypobaric hypoxic (HH), and oxygen-enriched (HO). The NN group was raised under normobaric normoxia, whereas the HH group was placed in a hypobaric hypoxic chamber simulating 7,000 m for 3 days. The HO group was exposed to oxygen-enriched air in the same hypobaric hypoxic chamber as the HH group for 12 h daily. Our findings indicate that an acute HH environment caused a fracture of the crypt structure, loss of epithelial cells, and reduction in goblet cells. Additionally, the structure and diversity of bacteria decreased in richness and evenness. The species composition at Phylum and Genus level was characterized by a higher ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroides and an increased abundance of Lactobacillus with the abundance of Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group decreased in the HH group. Interestingly, after oxygen enrichment intervention, the intestinal injury was significantly restrained. This was confirmed by an increase in the crypt depth, intact epithelial cell morphology, increased relative density of goblet cells, and higher evenness and richness of the gut microbiota, Bacteroidetes and Prevotellaceae as the main microbiota in the HO group. Finally, functional analysis showed significant differences between the different groups with respect to different metabolic pathways, including Amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and metabolism. In conclusion, this study verifies, for the first time, the positive effects of oxygen enrichment on gut structure and microbiota in animals experiencing acute hypobaric hypoxia.

Dataset Information

Temporal Development of Gut Microbiota in Triclocarban Exposed Pregnant and Neonatal Rats.

Publications

Temporal Development of Gut Microbiota in Triclocarban Exposed Pregnant and Neonatal Rats.

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