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Neonatal monocytes exhibit a unique histone modification landscape.

ABSTRACT: Neonates have dampened expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and difficulty clearing pathogens. This makes them uniquely susceptible to infections, but the factors regulating neonatal-specific immune responses are poorly understood. Epigenetics, including histone modifications, can activate or silence gene transcription by modulating chromatin structure and stability without affecting the DNA sequence itself and are potentially modifiable. Histone modifications are known to regulate immune cell differentiation and function in adults but have not been well studied in neonates.To elucidate the role of histone modifications in neonatal immune function, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation on mononuclear cells from 45 healthy neonates (gestational ages 23-40 weeks). As gestation approached term, there was increased activating H3K4me3 on the pro-inflammatory IL1B, IL6, IL12B, and TNF cytokine promoters (p?

SUBMITTER: Bermick JR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5028999 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Neonatal monocytes exhibit a unique histone modification landscape.

Bermick Jennifer R JR Lambrecht Nathalie J NJ denDekker Aaron D AD Kunkel Steven L SL Lukacs Nicholas W NW Hogaboam Cory M CM Schaller Matthew A MA

Clinical epigenetics 20160920

<h4>Background</h4>Neonates have dampened expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and difficulty clearing pathogens. This makes them uniquely susceptible to infections, but the factors regulating neonatal-specific immune responses are poorly understood. Epigenetics, including histone modifications, can activate or silence gene transcription by modulating chromatin structure and stability without affecting the DNA sequence itself and are potentially modifiable. Histone modifications are known to ...[more]

PMID: 27660665

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Chorioamnionitis exposure remodels the unique histone modification landscape of neonatal monocytes and alters the expression of immune pathway genes.

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