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Identifying candidate genes for 2p15p16.1 microdeletion syndrome using clinical, genomic, and functional analysis.

ABSTRACT: The 2p15p16.1 microdeletion syndrome has a core phenotype consisting of intellectual disability, microcephaly, hypotonia, delayed growth, common craniofacial features, and digital anomalies. So far, more than 20 cases of 2p15p16.1 microdeletion syndrome have been reported in the literature; however, the size of the deletions and their breakpoints vary, making it difficult to identify the candidate genes. Recent reports pointed to 4 genes (XPO1, USP34, BCL11A, and REL) that were included, alone or in combination, in the smallest deletions causing the syndrome. Here, we describe 8 new patients with the 2p15p16.1 deletion and review all published cases to date. We demonstrate functional deficits for the above 4 candidate genes using patients' lymphoblast cell lines (LCLs) and knockdown of their orthologs in zebrafish. All genes were dosage sensitive on the basis of reduced protein expression in LCLs. In addition, deletion of XPO1, a nuclear exporter, cosegregated with nuclear accumulation of one of its cargo molecules (rpS5) in patients' LCLs. Other pathways associated with these genes (e.g., NF-?B and Wnt signaling as well as the DNA damage response) were not impaired in patients' LCLs. Knockdown of xpo1a, rel, bcl11aa, and bcl11ab resulted in abnormal zebrafish embryonic development including microcephaly, dysmorphic body, hindered growth, and small fins as well as structural brain abnormalities. Our multifaceted analysis strongly implicates XPO1, REL, and BCL11A as candidate genes for 2p15p16.1 microdeletion syndrome.

SUBMITTER: Bagheri H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5033885 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Identifying candidate genes for 2p15p16.1 microdeletion syndrome using clinical, genomic, and functional analysis.

Bagheri Hani H Badduke Chansonette C Qiao Ying Y Colnaghi Rita R Abramowicz Iga I Alcantara Diana D Dunham Christopher C Wen Jiadi J Wildin Robert S RS Nowaczyk Malgorzata Jm MJ Eichmeyer Jennifer J Lehman Anna A Maranda Bruno B Martell Sally S Shan Xianghong X Lewis Suzanne Me SM O'Driscoll Mark M Gregory-Evans Cheryl Y CY Rajcan-Separovic Evica E

JCI insight 20160317 3

The 2p15p16.1 microdeletion syndrome has a core phenotype consisting of intellectual disability, microcephaly, hypotonia, delayed growth, common craniofacial features, and digital anomalies. So far, more than 20 cases of 2p15p16.1 microdeletion syndrome have been reported in the literature; however, the size of the deletions and their breakpoints vary, making it difficult to identify the candidate genes. Recent reports pointed to 4 genes (XPO1, USP34, BCL11A, and REL) ...[more]

PMID: 27699255

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Dataset Information

Identifying candidate genes for 2p15p16.1 microdeletion syndrome using clinical, genomic, and functional analysis.

Publications

Identifying candidate genes for 2p15p16.1 microdeletion syndrome using clinical, genomic, and functional analysis.

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