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Distinct Salmonella Enteritidis lineages associated with enterocolitis in high-income settings and invasive disease in low-income settings.

ABSTRACT: An epidemiological paradox surrounds Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. In high-income settings, it has been responsible for an epidemic of poultry-associated, self-limiting enterocolitis, whereas in sub-Saharan Africa it is a major cause of invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella disease, associated with high case fatality. By whole-genome sequence analysis of 675 isolates of S. Enteritidis from 45 countries, we show the existence of a global epidemic clade and two new clades of S. Enteritidis that are geographically restricted to distinct regions of Africa. The African isolates display genomic degradation, a novel prophage repertoire, and an expanded multidrug resistance plasmid. S. Enteritidis is a further example of a Salmonella serotype that displays niche plasticity, with distinct clades that enable it to become a prominent cause of gastroenteritis in association with the industrial production of eggs and of multidrug-resistant, bloodstream-invasive infection in Africa.

SUBMITTER: Feasey NA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5047355 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Distinct Salmonella Enteritidis lineages associated with enterocolitis in high-income settings and invasive disease in low-income settings.

Feasey Nicholas A NA Hadfield James J Keddy Karen H KH Dallman Timothy J TJ Jacobs Jan J Deng Xiangyu X Wigley Paul P Barquist Lars L Langridge Gemma C GC Feltwell Theresa T Harris Simon R SR Mather Alison E AE Fookes Maria M Aslett Martin M Msefula Chisomo C Kariuki Samuel S Maclennan Calman A CA Onsare Robert S RS Weill François-Xavier FX Le Hello Simon S Smith Anthony M AM McClelland Michael M Desai Prerak P Parry Christopher M CM Cheesbrough John J French Neil N Campos Josefina J Chabalgoity Jose A JA Betancor Laura L Hopkins Katie L KL Nair Satheesh S Humphrey Tom J TJ Lunguya Octavie O Cogan Tristan A TA Tapia Milagritos D MD Sow Samba O SO Tennant Sharon M SM Bornstein Kristin K Levine Myron M MM Lacharme-Lora Lizeth L Everett Dean B DB Kingsley Robert A RA Parkhill Julian J Heyderman Robert S RS Dougan Gordon G Gordon Melita A MA Thomson Nicholas R NR

Nature genetics 20160822 10

An epidemiological paradox surrounds Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. In high-income settings, it has been responsible for an epidemic of poultry-associated, self-limiting enterocolitis, whereas in sub-Saharan Africa it is a major cause of invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella disease, associated with high case fatality. By whole-genome sequence analysis of 675 isolates of S. Enteritidis from 45 countries, we show the existence of a global epidemic clade and two new clades of S. Enteritidis t ...[more]

PMID: 27548315

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Project description:BackgroundSalmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is a cause of both poultry- and egg-associated enterocolitis globally and bloodstream-invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA). Distinct, multi-drug resistant genotypes associated with iNTS disease in sSA have recently been described, often requiring treatment with fluoroquinolone antibiotics. In industrialised countries, antimicrobial use in poultry production has led to frequent fluoroquinolone resistance amongst globally prevalent enterocolitis-associated lineages.Methodology/principal findingsTwenty seven S. Enteritidis isolates from patients with iNTS disease and two poultry isolates, collected between 2007 and 2015 in the Ashanti region of Ghana, were whole-genome sequenced. These isolates, notable for a high rate of diminished ciprofloxacin susceptibility (DCS), were placed in the phyletic context of 1,067 sequences from the Public Health England (PHE) S. Enteritidis genome database to understand whether DCS was associated with African or globally-circulating clades of S. Enteritidis. Analysis showed four of the major S. Enteritidis clades were represented, two global and two African. All thirteen DCS isolates, containing a single gyrA mutation at codon 87, belonged to a global PT4-like clade responsible for epidemics of poultry-associated enterocolitis. Apart from two DCS isolates, which clustered with PHE isolates associated with travel to Spain and Brazil, the remaining DCS isolates, including one poultry isolate, belonged to two monophyletic clusters in which gyrA 87 mutations appear to have developed within the region.Conclusions/significanceExtensive phylogenetic diversity is evident amongst iNTS disease-associated S. Enteritidis in Ghana. Antimicrobial resistance profiles differed by clade, highlighting the challenges of devising empirical sepsis guidelines. The detection of fluoroquinolone resistance in phyletically-related poultry and human isolates is of major concern and surveillance and control measures within the region's burgeoning poultry industry are required to protect a human population at high risk of iNTS disease.

Dataset Information

Distinct Salmonella Enteritidis lineages associated with enterocolitis in high-income settings and invasive disease in low-income settings.

Publications

Distinct Salmonella Enteritidis lineages associated with enterocolitis in high-income settings and invasive disease in low-income settings.

Similar Datasets

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