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Calibrated Bioresorbable Microspheres as an Embolic Agent: An Experimental Study in a Rabbit Renal Model.

ABSTRACT: To evaluate the time frame of resorption and tissue response of newly developed bioresorbable microspheres (BRMS) and vessel recanalization after renal embolization.Embolization of lower poles of kidneys of 20 adult rabbits was performed with BRMS (300-500 µm). Two rabbits were sacrificed immediately after embolization (day 0). Three rabbits were sacrificed after follow-up angiography at 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 30 days. The pathologic changes in the renal parenchyma, BRMS degradation, and vessel recanalization were evaluated histologically and angiographically.Embolization procedures were successfully performed, and all animals survived without complication. Infarcts were observed in all kidneys that received embolization harvested after day 0. Moderate degradation of BRMS (score = 1.07 ± 0.06) was observed by day 3. Of BRMS, 95% were resorbed before day 10 with scant BRMS materials remaining in the arteries at later time points. Partial vessel recanalization was observed by angiography starting on day 3, whereas new capillary formation was first identified histologically on day 7. Vascular inflammation associated with BRMS consisted of acute, heterophilic infiltrate at earlier time points (day 3 to day 10); this was resolved with the resorption of BRMS. Inflammation and fibrosis within infarcted regions were consistent with progression of infarction.BRMS were bioresorbable in vivo, and most BRMS were resorbed before day 10 with a mild tissue reaction. Vessel recanalization occurred secondary to the resorption of BRMS.

SUBMITTER: Weng L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5048746 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Calibrated Bioresorbable Microspheres as an Embolic Agent: An Experimental Study in a Rabbit Renal Model.

Weng Lihui L Seelig Davis D Rostamzadeh Parinaz P Golzarian Jafar J

Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR 20150329 12

<h4>Purpose</h4>To evaluate the time frame of resorption and tissue response of newly developed bioresorbable microspheres (BRMS) and vessel recanalization after renal embolization.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>Embolization of lower poles of kidneys of 20 adult rabbits was performed with BRMS (300-500 µm). Two rabbits were sacrificed immediately after embolization (day 0). Three rabbits were sacrificed after follow-up angiography at 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 30 days. The pathologic changes in the re ...[more]

PMID: 25824317

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Project description:BackgroundThere are few studies in the literature that correlates the level of IL-6 with fat embolism syndrome (FES). But there is no conclusive correlative evidence of its specific relation to the establishment of FES. Also it is a proven fact that polytrauma due to its associated multiple long bone fracture and/or associated shock can predispose an individual to FES. By hypothesizing that polytrauma induces Fat Embolism in the animal; it was considered worthwhile to study the association of IL-6 in polytrauma induced Fat Embolism (FE) and to compare it with induced FE by injecting fatty acids in rabbits.Materials and methodsAn animal study was conducted in 32 New Zealand white rabbits. The animals were divided into 3 groups: control, fat embolism and polytrauma group. We injected 6 ml of normal saline and 0.2 ml of linoleic acid in the control and fat embolism group respectively. In the polytauma group we created bilateral femur and tibial shaft factures which were stabilized with intramedullary K- wires. Blood was taken before and at 6, 12 and 24 h after the procedure to measure plasma IL-6 levels. The rabbits were euthanized at 24 h and lungs were removed and stained for fat globules.ResultsAll rabbits in the fat embolism group and around 72.22% rabbits in polytrauma group had fat embolism. The IL-6 levels were raised in all the groups reaching a peak at 6 h after procedure with a decline in the values at 12 h for polytrauma and fat embolism group. IL-6 in the control group was stationary after an initial raise at 6 h. There was no statistically significant difference seen among the groups (p value > 0.05) at 6 h.ConclusionIL-6 is not a specific marker to fat embolism per se or polytrauma who later develop complications like FES. Even though the recent literature says that IL-6 is an early marker of fat embolism, still the diagnosis of fat embolism syndrome is clinical only and can be supplemented by laboratory markers. None of the laboratory markers individually is good enough to predict the development of FES in an individual.

Dataset Information

Calibrated Bioresorbable Microspheres as an Embolic Agent: An Experimental Study in a Rabbit Renal Model.

Publications

Calibrated Bioresorbable Microspheres as an Embolic Agent: An Experimental Study in a Rabbit Renal Model.

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