Dataset Information

Predictive Motor Timing and the Cerebellar Vermis in Schizophrenia: An fMRI Study.

ABSTRACT: Abnormalities in both time processing and dopamine (DA) neurotransmission have been observed in schizophrenia. Time processing seems to be linked to DA neurotransmission. The cognitive dysmetria hypothesis postulates that psychosis might be a manifestation of the loss of coordination of mental processes due to impaired timing. The objective of the present study was to analyze timing abilities and their corresponding functional neuroanatomy in schizophrenia. We performed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study using a predictive motor timing paradigm in 28 schizophrenia patients and 27 matched healthy controls (HC). The schizophrenia patients showed accelerated time processing compared to HC; the amount of the acceleration positively correlated with the degree of positive psychotic symptoms and negatively correlated with antipsychotic dose. This dysfunctional predictive timing was associated with BOLD signal activity alterations in several brain networks, especially those previously described as timing networks (basal ganglia, cerebellum, SMA, and insula) and reward networks (hippocampus, amygdala, and NAcc). BOLD signal activity in the cerebellar vermis was negatively associated with accelerated time processing. Several lines of evidence suggest a direct link between DA transmission and the cerebellar vermis that could explain their relevance for the neurobiology of schizophrenia.

SUBMITTER: Losak J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5049535 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Predictive Motor Timing and the Cerebellar Vermis in Schizophrenia: An fMRI Study.

Lošák Jan J Hüttlová Jitka J Lipová Petra P Marecek Radek R Bareš Martin M Filip Pavel P Žubor Jozef J Ustohal Libor L Vanícek Jirí J Kašpárek Tomáš T

Schizophrenia bulletin 20160517 6

Abnormalities in both time processing and dopamine (DA) neurotransmission have been observed in schizophrenia. Time processing seems to be linked to DA neurotransmission. The cognitive dysmetria hypothesis postulates that psychosis might be a manifestation of the loss of coordination of mental processes due to impaired timing. The objective of the present study was to analyze timing abilities and their corresponding functional neuroanatomy in schizophrenia. We performed a functional magnetic res ...[more]

PMID: 27190280

Similar Datasets

Project description:Schizophrenia is a devastating illness characterized by disturbances in multiple domains. The cerebellum is involved in both motor and non-motor functions, and the "cognitive dysmetria" and "dysmetria of thought" models propose that abnormalities of the cerebellum may contribute to schizophrenia signs and symptoms. The cerebellum and cerebral cortex are reciprocally connected via a modular, closed-loop network architecture, but few schizophrenia neuroimaging studies have taken into account the topographical and functional heterogeneity of the cerebellum. In this study, using a previously defined 17-network cerebral cortical parcellation system as the basis for our functional connectivity seeds, we systematically investigated connectivity abnormalities within the cerebellum of 44 schizophrenia patients and 28 healthy control participants. We found selective alterations in cerebro-cerebellar functional connectivity. Specifically, schizophrenia patients showed decreased cerebro-cerebellar functional connectivity in higher level association networks (ventral attention, salience, control, and default mode networks) relative to healthy control participants. Schizophrenia patients also showed increased cerebro-cerebellar connectivity in somatomotor and default mode networks, with the latter showing no overlap with the regions found to be hypoconnected within the same default mode network. Finally, we found evidence to suggest that somatomotor and default mode networks may be inappropriately linked in schizophrenia. The relationship of these dysconnectivities to schizophrenia symptoms, such as neurological soft signs and altered sense of agency, is discussed. We conclude that the cerebellum ought to be considered for analysis in all future studies of network abnormalities in SZ, and further suggest the cerebellum as a potential target for further elucidation, and possibly treatment, of the underlying mechanisms and network abnormalities producing symptoms of schizophrenia.

Project description:Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) results in both motor and non-motor symptoms. Traditionally, the underlying mechanism of PD has been linked to neurodegeneration of the basal ganglia. Yet it does not adequately account for the non-motor symptoms of the disease, suggesting that other brain regions may be involved. One such region is the cerebellum, which is known to be involved, together with the basal ganglia, in both motor and non-motor functions. Many studies have found the cerebellum to be hyperactive in PD patients, a finding that is seldom discussed in detail, and warrants further examination. The current study thus aims to examine quantitively the current literature on the cerebellar involvement in both motor and non-motor functioning in PD. Methods: A meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging literature was conducted with Seed-based D mapping. Only the studies testing functional activation in response to motor and non-motor paradigms in PD and healthy controls (HC) were included in the meta-analysis. Separate analyses were conducted by including only studies with non-motor paradigms, as well as meta-regressions with UPDRS III scores and disease duration. Results: A total of 57 studies with both motor and non-motor paradigms fulfilled our inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis, which revealed hyperactivity in Crus I-II and vermal III in PD patients compared to HC. An analysis including only studies with cognitive paradigms revealed a cluster of increased activity in PD patients encompassing lobule VIIB and VIII. Another meta-analysis including the only 20 studies that employed motor paradigms did not reveal any significant group differences. However, a descriptive analysis of these studies revealed that 60% of them reported cerebellar hyperactivations in PD and included motor paradigm with significant cognitive task demands, as opposed to 40% presenting the opposite pattern and using mainly force grip tasks. The meta-regression with UPDRS III scores found a negative association between motor scores and activation in lobule VI and vermal VII-VIII. No correlation was found with disease duration. Discussion: The present findings suggest that one of the main cerebellar implications in PD is linked to cognitive functioning. The negative association between UPDRS scores and activation in regions implicated in motor functioning indicate that there is less involvement of these areas as the disease severity increases. In contrast, the lack of correlation with disease duration seems to indicate that the cerebellar activity may be a compensatory mechanism to the dysfunctional basal ganglia, where certain sub-regions of the cerebellum are employed to cope with motor demands. Yet future longitudinal studies are needed to fully address this possibility.

Dataset Information

Predictive Motor Timing and the Cerebellar Vermis in Schizophrenia: An fMRI Study.

Publications

Predictive Motor Timing and the Cerebellar Vermis in Schizophrenia: An fMRI Study.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets