Dataset Information

Modeling practice effects in healthy middle-aged participants of the Alzheimer and Families parent cohort.

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION:Repetitive administration of neuropsychological tests can lead to performance improvement merely due to previous exposure. The magnitude of such practice effects (PEs) may be used as a marker of subtle cognitive impairment because they are diminished in healthy individuals subsequently developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS:To explore the relationship between sociodemographic factors, AD family history (FH), and APOE ?4 status, and the magnitude of PE, four subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV were administered twice to 400 middle-aged healthy individuals, most of them first-degree descendants of AD patients. RESULTS:PEs were observed in all measures. Sociodemographic variables did not show a uniform effect on PE. Baseline score was the strongest predictor of change, being inversely related to PE magnitude. Significant effects of the interaction term APOE ?4?Age in processing speed and working memory were observed. DISCUSSION:PEs exert a relevant effect in cognitive outcomes at retest and, accordingly, they must be taken into consideration in clinical trials. The magnitude of PE in processing speed and working memory could be of special interest for the development of cognitive markers of preclinical AD.

SUBMITTER: Sanchez-Benavides G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5061467 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Modeling practice effects in healthy middle-aged participants of the Alzheimer and Families parent cohort.

Sánchez-Benavides Gonzalo G Gispert Juan D JD Fauria Karine K Molinuevo José Luis JL Gramunt Nina N

Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 20160830

<h4>Introduction</h4>Repetitive administration of neuropsychological tests can lead to performance improvement merely due to previous exposure. The magnitude of such practice effects (PEs) may be used as a marker of subtle cognitive impairment because they are diminished in healthy individuals subsequently developing Alzheimer's disease (AD).<h4>Methods</h4>To explore the relationship between sociodemographic factors, AD family history (FH), and <i>APOE</i> ε4 status, and the magnitude of PE, fo ...[more]

PMID: 27752537

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Project description:Background PCSK9 (Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) binds low-density lipoprotein receptor, preventing its recycling. PCSK9 is a risk predictor and a biotarget in atherosclerosis. The PCSK9-rs562556 variant has been reported as a gain-of-function mutation. The aim of this study was to determine whether the PCSK9-low-density lipoprotein receptor-rs562556 axis is associated with carotid artery plaques between 2 visits separated by almost 20 years in a longitudinal population cohort. Methods and Results The STANISLAS (Suivi Temporaire Annuel Non-Invasif de la Santé des Lorrains Assurés Sociaux) cohort is a longitudinal familial cohort from the Lorraine region of France. Participants attending 2 visits (visit 1 and visit 4) separated by 18.5 years (mean) were included (n=997). Carotid artery plaques were determined with standardized vascular echography. The mean age of the adult population at visit 1 was 42±5 years. At visit 4, 203 (20.4%) participants had arterial plaques. Participants who developed arterial plaques were older (42.7±5.4 versus 41.7±4.7 years), more often male (60% versus 49%), smokers (29% versus 18%), with diabetes mellitus (6% versus 3%), and higher cholesterol levels (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 1.6±0.4 versus 1.5±0.3 g/L) (all P<0.05). The independent factors associated with arterial plaques were age, smoking, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Higher PCSK9 levels were associated with arterial plaques on top of the clinical model (odds ratio, 2.14; 95% CI,= 1.28-3.58); the missense mutation coding the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs562556 was associated with both higher PCSK9 concentration and incident carotid arterial plaques. Conclusions Higher PCSK9 concentration was associated with the development of arterial plaques almost 20 years in advance in a healthy middle-aged population. Mutations of the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs562556 associated with both PCSK9 levels and arterial plaques reinforce the potential causality of our findings. PCSK9 inhibitors could be useful for primary cardiovascular prevention.

Dataset Information

Modeling practice effects in healthy middle-aged participants of the Alzheimer and Families parent cohort.

Publications

Modeling practice effects in healthy middle-aged participants of the Alzheimer and Families parent cohort.

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