Dataset Information

Comparative Proteomic Analysis Provides Insight into the Key Proteins Involved in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Adventitious Root Emergence under Waterlogging Stress.

ABSTRACT: Waterlogging is a common abiotic stress in both natural and agricultural systems, and it primarily affects plant growth by the slow oxygen diffusion in water. To sustain root function in the hypoxic environment, a key adaptation for waterlogging tolerant plants is the formation of adventitious roots (ARs). We found that cucumber waterlogging tolerant line Zaoer-N seedlings adapt to waterlogging stress by developing a larger number of ARs in hypocotyls, while almost no AR is generated in sensitive line Pepino. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying AR emergence, the iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics approach was employed to map the proteomes of hypocotyls cells of the Zaoer-N and Pepino under control and waterlogging conditions. A total of 5508 proteins were identified and 146 were differentially regulated proteins (DRPs), of which 47 and 56 DRPs were specific to tolerant and sensitive line, respectively. In the waterlogged Zaoer-N hypocotyls, DRPs related to alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylicacid oxidases, peroxidases, 60S ribosomal proteins, GSDL esterases/lipases, histone deacetylases, and histone H5 and were strongly overrepresented to manage the energy crisis, promote ethylene release, minimize oxidative damage, mobilize storage lipids, and stimulate cell division, differentiation and growth. The evaluations of ethylene production, ADH activity, pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) activity and ethanol production were in good agreement with the proteomic results. qRT-PCR analysis of the corresponding 146 genes further confirmed the accuracy of the observed protein abundance. These findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying waterlogging triggered cucumber ARs emergence, and provided valuable information for the breeding of cucumber with enhanced tolerance to waterlogging.

SUBMITTER: Xu X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5062059 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparative Proteomic Analysis Provides Insight into the Key Proteins Involved in Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L.) Adventitious Root Emergence under Waterlogging Stress.

Xu Xuewen X Ji Jing J Ma Xiaotian X Xu Qiang Q Qi Xiaohua X Chen Xuehao X

Frontiers in plant science 20161013

Waterlogging is a common abiotic stress in both natural and agricultural systems, and it primarily affects plant growth by the slow oxygen diffusion in water. To sustain root function in the hypoxic environment, a key adaptation for waterlogging tolerant plants is the formation of adventitious roots (ARs). We found that cucumber waterlogging tolerant line Zaoer-N seedlings adapt to waterlogging stress by developing a larger number of ARs in hypocotyls, while almost no AR is generated in sensitiv ...[more]

PMID: 27790230

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Project description:Previous studies have shown that both hydrogen gas (H2) and ethylene (ETH) play positive roles in plant adventitious rooting. However, the relationship between H2and ETH during this process has not been explored and remains insufficiently understood. In this study, cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was used to explore the proteomic changes in ETH-H2-induced rooting. Our results show that hydrogen-rich water (HRW) and ethylene-releasing compound (ethephon) at proper concentrations promote adventitious rooting, with maximal biological responses occurring at 50% HRW or 0.5 µM ethephon. ETH inhibitors aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and AgNO3 cause partial inhibition of adventitious rooting induced by H2, suggesting that ETH might be involved in H2-induced adventitious rooting. According to two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometric analyses, compared with the control, 9 proteins were up-regulated while 15 proteins were down-regulated in HRW treatment; four proteins were up-regulated while 10 proteins were down-regulated in ethephon treatment; and one protein was up-regulated while nine proteins were down-regulated in HRW+AVG treatment. Six of these differentially accumulated proteins were further analyzed, including photosynthesis -related proteins (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carall boxylase smsubunit (Rubisco), sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase), oxygen-evolving enhancer protein (OEE1)), amino and metabolism-related protein (threonine dehydratase (TDH)), stress response-related protein (cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase (CAPX)), and folding, modification and degradation-related protein (protein disulfide-isomerase (PDI)). Moreover, the results of real-time PCR about the mRNA levels of these genes in various treatments were consistent with the 2-DE results. Therefore, ETH may be the downstream signaling molecule during H2- induced adventitious rooting and proteins Rubisco, SBPase, OEE1, TDH, CAPX and PDI may play important roles during the process.

Project description:BackgroundParthenocarpy is an excellent agronomic trait that enables crops to set fruit in the absence of pollination and fertilization, and therefore to produce seedless fruit. Although parthenocarpy is widely recognized as a hormone-dependent process, hormone-insensitive parthenocarpy can also be observed in cucumber; however, its mechanism is poorly understood. To improve the global understanding of parthenocarpy and address the hormone-insensitive parthenocarpy shown in cucumber, we conducted a physiological and proteomic analysis of differently developed fruits.ResultsPhysiological analysis indicated that the natural hormone-insensitive parthenocarpy of 'EC1' has broad hormone-inhibitor resistance, and the endogenous hormones in the natural parthenocarpy (NP) fruits were stable and relatively lower than those of the non-parthenocarpic cultivar '8419 s-1.' Based on the iTRAQ technique, 683 fruit developmental proteins were identified from NP, cytokinin-induced parthenocarpic (CP), pollinated and unpollinated fruits. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that proteins detected from both set and aborted fruits were involved in similar biological processes, such as cell growth, the cell cycle, cell death and communication. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that 'protein synthesis' was the major biological process that differed between fruit set and fruit abortion. Clustering analysis revealed that different protein expression patterns were involved in CP and NP fruits. Forty-one parthenocarpy-specialized DEPs (differentially expressed proteins) were screened and divided into two distinctive groups: NP-specialized proteins and CP-specialized proteins. Furthermore, qRT-PCR and western blot analysis indicated that NP-specialized proteins showed hormone- or hormone-inhibitor insensitive expression patterns in both ovaries and seedlings.ConclusionsIn this study, the global molecular regulation of fruit development in cucumber was revealed at the protein level. Physiological and proteomic comparisons indicated the presence of hormone-independent parthenocarpy and suppression of fruit abortion in cucumber. The proteomic analysis suggested that hormone-independent parthenocarpy is regulated by hormone-insensitive proteins such as the NP-specialized proteins. Moreover, the regulation of fruit abortion suppression may be closely related to protein synthesis pathways.

Project description:Abscisic acid (ABA) affects many important plant processes, such as seed germination, root elongation and stomatal movement. However, little information is available about the relationship between ABA and sugar synthesis during adventitious root formation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ABA on adventitious root formation in cucumber and whether the effect of this plant hormone on sugar synthesis could be included as a causative factor for adventitious root development. We determined the contents of glucose, sucrose, starch, total sugar and sugar-related enzymes, including sucrose synthase (SS), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), hexokinase (HK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) activities in ABA treatment. We also quantified the relative expression of sucrose or glucose synthesis genes during this process. Increasing ABA concentrations significantly improved adventitious root formation, with the most considerable effect at 0.05 μM. Compared to the control, ABA treatment showed higher glucose, sucrose, starch and total sugar contents. Moreover, ABA treatment increased glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) and glucose-1-phosphate (G1P) contents in cucumber explants during adventitious root development, which was followed by an increase of activities of sucrose-related enzymes SS and SPS, glucose-related enzymes HK and PK. ABA, meanwhile, upregulated the expression levels of sucrose or glucose synthesis-related genes, including CsSuSy1, CsSuSy6, CsHK1 and CsHK3. These results suggest that ABA may promote adventitious root development by increasing the contents of glucose, sucrose, starch, total sugar, G6P, F6P and G1P, the activities of SS, SPS, HK, SPS and the expression levels of CsSuSy1, CsSuSy6, CsHK1 and CsHK3 genes. These findings provide evidence for the physiological role of ABA during adventitious root formation and provide a new understanding of the possible relationship between ABA and sugar synthesis during adventitious rooting in plants.

Dataset Information

Comparative Proteomic Analysis Provides Insight into the Key Proteins Involved in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Adventitious Root Emergence under Waterlogging Stress.

Publications

Comparative Proteomic Analysis Provides Insight into the Key Proteins Involved in Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L.) Adventitious Root Emergence under Waterlogging Stress.

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