Dataset Information

Expression of Steroidogenesis-related Genes in Rat Adipose Tissues.

ABSTRACT: Adipose tissue is one of the major endocrine gland. More recently, local production of steroids in adipocytes differentiated from mouse 3T3-L1 cell-line was reported. We hypothesized that rat adipocytes have steroidogenic machinery and the expression patterns of the components might be differentially regulated, depending on the distribution and sex. To verify this hypothesis, we collected the adipose tissues depot- and sex-specifically at postnatal day (PND) 30, and performed quantitative RT-PCRs. In overall aspects, the abundances of the transcripts were lower in the brown adipose of both sexes. 3?-HSD transcript levels in female abdominal and reproductive adipose, CYP17 transcript levels in female reproductive adipose, 17?-HSD transcript levels in female abdominal and reproductive adipose, and CYP19 transcript levels in female abdominal adipose were significantly lower than those of male counterparts. Similar to steroidogenic factors, the abundance of the ER-? transcripts were generally lower in the brown adipose of both sexes. ER-? transcripts were more abundant in male white adipose depots than their female counterparts. The levels of LHR transcripts in female reproductive adipose were significantly higher than those of male counterpart. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that the expressions of steroidogenesis-related genes were depot- and sex-specifically occurred in the immature male and female rat adipose tissues. Our study suggested that the adipose tissues are not only targets but de novo synthesizing sites of sex steroid(s), though the synthesizing activities could be much less than in gonads. Further researches in this field will be helpful for understanding the adipose physiology and for medical application such as sex-specific steroid supplement therapies for older populations.

SUBMITTER: Byeon HR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5078145 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Expression of Steroidogenesis-related Genes in Rat Adipose Tissues.

Byeon Hye Rim HR Lee Sung-Ho SH

Development & reproduction 20160901 3

Adipose tissue is one of the major endocrine gland. More recently, local production of steroids in adipocytes differentiated from mouse 3T3-L1 cell-line was reported. We hypothesized that rat adipocytes have steroidogenic machinery and the expression patterns of the components might be differentially regulated, depending on the distribution and sex. To verify this hypothesis, we collected the adipose tissues depot- and sex-specifically at postnatal day (PND) 30, and performed quantitative RT-PCR ...[more]

PMID: 27796001

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Project description:Notable sex-related differences exist in mammalian adrenal cortex structure and function. In adult rats, the adrenal weight and the average volume of zona fasciculata cells of females are larger and secrete greater amounts of corticosterone than those of males. The molecular bases of these sex-related differences are poorly understood. In this study, to explore the molecular background of these differences, we defined zone- and sex-specific transcripts in adult male and female (estrous cycle phase) rats. Twelve-week-old rats of both genders were used and samples were taken from the zona glomerulosa (ZG) and zona fasciculata/reticularis (ZF/R) zones. Transcriptome identification was carried out using the Affymetrix(®) Rat Gene 1.1 ST Array. The microarray data were compared by fold change with significance according to moderated t-statistics. Subsequently, we performed functional annotation clustering using the Gene Ontology (GO) and Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). In the first step, we explored differentially expressed transcripts in the adrenal ZG and ZF/R. The number of differentially expressed transcripts was notably higher in the female than in the male rats (702 vs. 571). The differentially expressed genes which were significantly enriched included genes involved in steroid hormone metabolism, and their expression levels in the ZF/R of adult female rats were significantly higher compared with those in the male rats. In the female ZF/R, when compared with that of the males, prevailing numbers of genes linked to cell fraction, oxidation/reduction processes, response to nutrients and to extracellular stimuli or steroid hormone stimuli were downregulated. The microarray data for key genes involved directly in steroidogenesis were confirmed by qPCR. Thus, when compared with that of the males, in the female ZF/R, higher expression levels of genes involved directly in steroid hormone synthesis were accompanied by lower expression levels of genes regulating basal cell functions.

Project description:BACKGROUND:The clupeoid fishes are ecologically and commercially important fish species worldwide that exhibit a high level of population fluctuation, accompanied by alteration of reproductive traits. However, knowledge about their reproductive physiology in order to understand mechanisms underlying such population dynamics is limited. The endocrine system along with the brain-pituitary-gonadal (BPG) axis is critical for regulating reproduction. The aims of this study were to provide transcript data and genes related to the BPG axis, and to characterize the expression profiles of ovarian steroidogenesis-related genes in the Japanese sardine (Sardinops melanostictus, Clupeidae). RESULTS:RNA sequencing was performed using the sardine brain, pituitary, and gonad in both sexes. A total of 290,119 contigs were obtained and 115,173 non-redundant ORFs were annotated. The genes differentially expressed between ovary and testis were strongly associated with GO terms related to gamete production. The tissue-specific profile of the abundance of transcripts was characterized for the major regulators in the BPG axis, such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone, gonadotropin, and steroidogenic enzyme. By comparing between ovary and testis, out of eight different 17?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (Hsd17b) genes identified, higher hsd17b7 expression was found in testis, whereas higher expression of hsd17b8, hsd17b10, hsd17b12a, and hsd17b12b was found in ovary. The cDNAs encoding key endocrine factors in the ovarian steroidogenic pathway were cloned, sequenced, and quantitatively assayed. In the pituitary, follicle-stimulating hormone beta peaked during vitellogenesis, while luteinizing hormone beta peaked at the completion of vitellogenesis. In the ovary, follicle-stimulating hormone receptor and luteinizing hormone receptor were upregulated from mid- to late phase of vitellogenesis. Furthermore, three steroidogenic enzyme genes (cyp11a1, cyp17a1, and cyp19a1a) gradually increased their expression during ovarian development, accompanying a rise in serum estradiol-17?, while 3?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein did not change significantly. CONCLUSIONS:This is the first report of deep RNA sequencing analysis of Japanese sardine, in which many key genes involved in the BPG axis were identified. Expression profiles of ovarian steroidogenesis-related genes provide a molecular basis of the physiological processes underlying ovarian development in the sardine. Our study will be a valuable resource for clarifying the molecular biology of clupeoid fishes.

Dataset Information

Expression of Steroidogenesis-related Genes in Rat Adipose Tissues.

Publications

Expression of Steroidogenesis-related Genes in Rat Adipose Tissues.

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