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Dietary Patterns and Plasma Sex Hormones, Prolactin, and Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin in Premenopausal Women.

ABSTRACT: Sex hormones are important for breast cancer, but it is unclear whether dietary patterns influence hormone concentrations.Dietary pattern adherence scores for the alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) were calculated from semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires administered in 1995 and 1999. Premenopausal plasma concentrations of sex hormones were measured in samples collected in 1996 to 1999. We used generalized linear models to calculate geometric mean hormone concentrations across quartiles of dietary pattern scores among 1,990 women in the Nurses' Health Study II.We did not observe significant associations between sex hormone concentrations and the DASH pattern and only one suggestive association between follicular estrone concentrations and the aMED pattern [top vs. bottom quartile -4.4%, 95% confidence interval (CI), -10.6% to 2.1%; Ptrend = 0.06]. However, women in the top versus bottom quartile of AHEI score had lower concentrations of follicular (-9.1%; 95% CI, -16.1% to -1.4%; Ptrend = 0.04) and luteal (-7.5%; 95% CI, -13.6% to -0.9%; Ptrend = 0.01) estrone, luteal-free (-9.3%; 95% CI, -16.8% to -1.1%; Ptrend = 0.01) and total (-6.7 %; 95% CI, -14.3% to 1.5%; Ptrend = 0.04) estradiol, follicular estradiol (-14.2%; 95% CI, -24.6% to -2.4%; Ptrend = 0.05), and androstenedione (-7.8%; 95% CI, -15.4% to 0.4%; Ptrend = 0.03).Diet quality measured by the AHEI is inversely associated with premenopausal estrogen concentrations. Given that we did not observe similar associations with the aMED or DASH patterns, our findings should be interpreted with caution.Given the role of estrogens in breast cancer etiology, our findings add to the substantial evidence on the benefits of adhering to a healthy diet. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(5); 791-8. ©2016 AACR.

SUBMITTER: Hirko KA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5082703 | biostudies-literature | 2016 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dietary Patterns and Plasma Sex Hormones, Prolactin, and Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin in Premenopausal Women.

Hirko Kelly A KA Spiegelman Donna D Barnett Junaidah B JB Cho Eunyoung E Willett Walter C WC Hankinson Susan E SE Eliassen A Heather AH

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 20160315 5

<h4>Background</h4>Sex hormones are important for breast cancer, but it is unclear whether dietary patterns influence hormone concentrations.<h4>Methods</h4>Dietary pattern adherence scores for the alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) were calculated from semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires administered in 1995 and 1999. Premenopausal plasma concentrations of sex hormones were measured in sampl ...[more]

PMID: 26980437

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Project description:Menstrual cycle characteristics are markers of endocrine milieu. However, associations between age at menarche and adulthood sex steroid hormone levels have been inconsistent, and data on menstrual characteristics and non-sex steroid hormones are sparse.We assessed the relations of menstrual characteristics with premenopausal plasma sex steroid hormones, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), prolactin, and growth factors among 2,745 premenopausal women (age 32-52) from the Nurses' Health Study II. Geometric means and tests for trend were calculated using multivariable general linear models.Early age at menarche was associated with higher premenopausal early-follicular free estradiol (percent difference <?12 vs.?>?13 years?=?11%), early-follicular estrone (7%), luteal estrone (7%), and free testosterone (8%) (all p trend?<?0.05). Short menstrual cycle length at age 18-22 was associated with higher early-follicular total (<?26 vs.?>?39 days?=?18%) and free estradiol (16%), early-follicular estrone (9%), SHBG (7%), lower luteal free estradiol (-?14%), total (-?6%), and free testosterone (-?15%) (all p trend?<?0.05). Short adult menstrual length was associated with higher early-follicular total estradiol (<?26 vs.?>?31 days?=?14%), SHBG (10%), lower luteal estrone (-?8%), progesterone (-?9%), total (-?11%) and free testosterone (-?25%), and androstenedione (-?14%) (all p trend?<?0.05). Irregularity of menses at 18-22 was associated with lower early-follicular total (irregular vs. very regular?=?-?14%) and free estradiol (-?14%), and early-follicular estrone (-?8%) (All p trend?<?0.05). Irregularity of adult menstrual cycle was associated with lower luteal total estradiol (irregular vs. very regular?=?-?8%), SHBG (-?3%), higher total (8%), and free testosterone (11%) (all p trend?<?0.05).Early-life and adulthood menstrual characteristics are moderately associated with mid-to-late reproductive year's hormone concentrations. These relations of menstrual characteristics with endogenous hormone levels could partially account for associations between menstrual characteristics and reproductive cancers or other chronic diseases.

Dataset Information

Dietary Patterns and Plasma Sex Hormones, Prolactin, and Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin in Premenopausal Women.

Publications

Dietary Patterns and Plasma Sex Hormones, Prolactin, and Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin in Premenopausal Women.

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