Dataset Information

Type I Interferons Regulate Immune Responses in Humans with Blood-Stage Plasmodium falciparum Infection.

ABSTRACT: The development of immunoregulatory networks is important to prevent disease. However, these same networks allow pathogens to persist and reduce vaccine efficacy. Here, we identify type I interferons (IFNs) as important regulators in developing anti-parasitic immunity in healthy volunteers infected for the first time with Plasmodium falciparum. Type I IFNs suppressed innate immune cell function and parasitic-specific CD4+ T cell IFN? production, and they promoted the development of parasitic-specific IL-10-producing Th1 (Tr1) cells. Type I IFN-dependent, parasite-specific IL-10 production was also observed in P. falciparum malaria patients in the field following chemoprophylaxis. Parasite-induced IL-10 suppressed inflammatory cytokine production, and IL-10 levels after drug treatment were positively associated with parasite burdens before anti-parasitic drug administration. These findings have important implications for understanding the development of host immune responses following blood-stage P. falciparum infection, and they identify type I IFNs and related signaling pathways as potential targets for therapies or vaccine efficacy improvement.

SUBMITTER: Montes de Oca M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5082731 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Type I Interferons Regulate Immune Responses in Humans with Blood-Stage Plasmodium falciparum Infection.

Montes de Oca Marcela M Kumar Rajiv R Rivera Fabian de Labastida FL Amante Fiona H FH Sheel Meru M Faleiro Rebecca J RJ Bunn Patrick T PT Best Shannon E SE Beattie Lynette L Ng Susanna S SS Edwards Chelsea L CL Boyle Glen M GM Price Ric N RN Anstey Nicholas M NM Loughland Jessica R JR Burel Julie J Doolan Denise L DL Haque Ashraful A McCarthy James S JS Engwerda Christian R CR

Cell reports 20161001 2

The development of immunoregulatory networks is important to prevent disease. However, these same networks allow pathogens to persist and reduce vaccine efficacy. Here, we identify type I interferons (IFNs) as important regulators in developing anti-parasitic immunity in healthy volunteers infected for the first time with Plasmodium falciparum. Type I IFNs suppressed innate immune cell function and parasitic-specific CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell IFNγ production, and they promoted the development of pa ...[more]

PMID: 27705789

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Project description:Cellular responses to Plasmodium falciparum parasites, in particular interferon-gamma (IFN?) production, play an important role in anti-malarial immunity. However, clinical immunity to malaria develops slowly amongst naturally exposed populations, the dynamics of cellular responses in relation to exposure are difficult to study and data about the persistence of such responses are controversial. Here we assess the longevity and composition of cellular immune responses following experimental malaria infection in human volunteers. We conducted a longitudinal study of cellular immunological responses to sporozoites (PfSpz) and asexual blood-stage (PfRBC) malaria parasites in naïve human volunteers undergoing single (n?=?5) or multiple (n?=?10) experimental P. falciparum infections under highly controlled conditions. IFN? and interleukin-2 (IL-2) responses following in vitro re-stimulation were measured by flow-cytometry prior to, during and more than one year post infection. We show that cellular responses to both PfSpz and PfRBC are induced and remain almost undiminished up to 14 months after even a single malaria episode. Remarkably, not only 'adaptive' but also 'innate' lymphocyte subsets contribute to the increased IFN? response, including ??T cells, ??T cells and NK cells. Furthermore, results from depletion and autologous recombination experiments of lymphocyte subsets suggest that immunological memory for PfRBC is carried within both the ??T cells and ??T compartments. Indeed, the majority of cytokine producing T lymphocytes express an CD45RO(+) CD62L(-) effector memory (EM) phenotype both early and late post infection. Finally, we demonstrate that malaria infection induces and maintains polyfunctional (IFN?(+)IL-2(+)) EM responses against both PfRBC and PfSpz, previously found to be associated with protection. These data demonstrate that cellular responses can be readily induced and are long-lived following infection with P. falciparum, with a persisting contribution by not only adaptive but also (semi-)innate lymphocyte subsets. The implications hereof are positive for malaria vaccine development, but focus attention on those factors potentially inhibiting such responses in the field.

Dataset Information

Type I Interferons Regulate Immune Responses in Humans with Blood-Stage Plasmodium falciparum Infection.

Publications

Type I Interferons Regulate Immune Responses in Humans with Blood-Stage Plasmodium falciparum Infection.

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