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Serum Protein KNG1, APOC3, and PON1 as Potential Biomarkers for Yin-Deficiency-Heat Syndrome.

ABSTRACT: Yin-deficiency-heat (YDH) syndrome is a concept in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for describing subhealth status. However, there are few efficient diagnostic methods available for confirming YDH syndrome. To explore the novel method for diagnosing YDH syndrome, we applied iTRAQ to observe the serum protein profiles in YDH syndrome rats and confirmed protein levels by ELISA. A total of 92 differentially expressed proteins (63 upregulated proteins and 29 downregulated proteins), which were mainly involved in complement and coagulation cascades and glucose metabolism pathway, were identified by the proteomic experiments. Kininogen 1 (KNG1) was significantly increased (p < 0.0001), while apolipoprotein C-III (APOC3, p < 0.005) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1, p < 0.001) were significantly decreased in the serum of YDH syndrome rats. The combination of KNG1, APOC3, and PON1 constituted a diagnostic model with 100.0% sensitivity and 85.0% specificity. The results indicated that KNG1, APOC3, and PON1 may act as potential biomarkers for diagnosing YDH syndrome. KNG1 may regulate cytokines and chemokines release in YDH syndrome, and the low levels of PON1 and APOC3 may increase oxidative stress and lipolysis in YDH syndrome, respectively. Our work provides a novel method for YDH syndrome diagnosis and also provides valuable experimental basis to understand the molecular mechanism of YDH syndrome.

SUBMITTER: Liu C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5098100 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Serum Protein KNG1, APOC3, and PON1 as Potential Biomarkers for Yin-Deficiency-Heat Syndrome.

Liu Changming C Mao Liangen L Ping Zepeng Z Jiang Tingting T Wang Chong C Chen Zhongliang Z Li Zhongjie Z Li Jicheng J

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM 20161024

Yin-deficiency-heat (YDH) syndrome is a concept in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for describing subhealth status. However, there are few efficient diagnostic methods available for confirming YDH syndrome. To explore the novel method for diagnosing YDH syndrome, we applied iTRAQ to observe the serum protein profiles in YDH syndrome rats and confirmed protein levels by ELISA. A total of 92 differentially expressed proteins (63 upregulated proteins and 29 downregulated proteins), which were ma ...[more]

PMID: 27843478

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Project description:BackgroundZhibai Dihuang Granule (ZDG) is a traditional Chinese medicine which has been used to treat Yin-deficiency-heat (YDH) syndrome for thousands of years in China. However, little work has been conducted to explore the molecular mechanism of ZDG in YDH syndrome, and the processes of YDH syndrome prevention and treatment have been developed slowly. The present study was aimed to explore the therapeutic mechanism of ZDG on YDH syndrome.MethodsThe YDH syndrome rats were induced by hot Chinese herbs, then treated by ZDG orally for 1 week. Body weight was measured every 2 days. After sacrifice, blood samples were collected and the thymus, adrenal glands, spleen, and liver were immediately removed and weighed. iTRAQ-based proteomics approach was applied to explore the serum protein alterations with the treatment of ZDG, and to investigate the underlying mechanism of ZDG in treating YDH syndrome.ResultsThe body weights of YDH syndrome rats were significantly decreased compared with control group, and increased in ZDG treated rats. The relative weights of thymus in YDH syndrome rats were increased compared with the control rats, and significantly decreased in after ZDG treatment. In the proteomic analyses, seventy-one proteins were differentially expressed in the YDH syndrome group and the ZDG treated group, including 10 up-regulated and 61 down-regulated proteins. Gene ontology analysis revealed that the differentially expressed proteins were mostly related to immune response, and pathway enrichment analysis showed that these proteins were enriched in coagulation and complement cascades. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect the protein levels in coagulation and complement cascades, and the results showed that complement component 5 levels were significantly increased, while fibrinogen gamma chain levels were significantly decreased in the ZDG treated group.ConclusionsWe found that ZDG treatment could lead to proteins alteration in immune response, especially in coagulation and complement cascades. ZDG can up-regulate the proteins in the complement cascade to eliminate pathogens, and down-regulate the proteins in the coagulation cascade to suppress inflammation. Our study provides experimental basis to understand the therapeutic mechanism of ZDG and revealed that ZDG can regulate coagulation and complement cascades in treating YDH syndrome.

Dataset Information

Serum Protein KNG1, APOC3, and PON1 as Potential Biomarkers for Yin-Deficiency-Heat Syndrome.

Publications

Serum Protein KNG1, APOC3, and PON1 as Potential Biomarkers for Yin-Deficiency-Heat Syndrome.

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