Toxicity of antimony, copper, cobalt, manganese, titanium and zinc oxide nanoparticles for the alveolar and intestinal epithelial barrier cells in vitro.

ABSTRACT: Heavy metals are found naturally on Earth and exposure to them in the living environment is increasing as a consequence of human activity. The toxicity of six different metal oxide nanoparticles (NP) at different points in time was compared using resazurin assay. After incubating Caco2 and A549 cells with 100 ?g/mL of Sb₂O₃, Mn₃O₄ and TiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) for 24 h no toxic effects were observed while Co₃O₄ and ZnO NPs had moderate effects and CuO NPs were toxic below 100 ?g/mL (24 h EC₂₅ = 11 for A549 and 71 ?g/mL for Caco2). The long-term monitoring (up to 9 days) of cells to NPs revealed that the toxic effects of Mn₃O₄ and Sb₂O₃ NPs remarkably increased over time. The 9 day EC₅₀ values for Sb₂O₃ NPs were 22 and 48 ?g/mL for A549 and Caco2 cells; and for Mn₃O₄ NPs were 47 and 29 ?g/mL for A549 and Caco2 cells, respectively. In general, the sensitivity of the cell lines in the resazurin assay was comparable. Trans epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements were performed for both cell types exposed to Co₃O₄, Sb₂O₃ and CuO NPs. In TEER assay, the Caco2 cells were more susceptible to the toxic effects of these NPs than A549 cells, where the most toxic NPs were the Sb₂O₃ NPs: the permeability of the Caco2 cell layer exposed to 10 ?g/mL Sb₂O₃ NPs already increased after 24 h of exposure.

SUBMITTER: Titma T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5101306 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature