Dataset Information

High glucose upregulates BACE1-mediated A? production through ROS-dependent HIF-1? and LXR?/ABCA1-regulated lipid raft reorganization in SK-N-MC cells.

ABSTRACT: There is an accumulation of evidence indicating that the risk of Alzheimer's disease is associated with diabetes mellitus, an indicator of high glucose concentrations in blood plasma. This study investigated the effect of high glucose on BACE1 expression and amyloidogenesis in vivo, and we present details of the mechanism associated with those effects. Our results, using ZLC and ZDF rat models, showed that ZDF rats have high levels of amyloid-beta (A?), phosphorylated tau, BACE1, and APP-C99. In vitro result with mouse hippocampal neuron and SK-N-MC, high glucose stimulated A? secretion and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, high glucose increased BACE1 and APP-C99 expressions, which were reversed by a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger. Indeed, high glucose increased intracellular ROS levels and HIF-1? expression, associated with regulation of BACE1 and Liver X Receptor ? (LXR?). In addition, high glucose induced ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) down-regulation, was associated with LXR-induced lipid raft reorganization and BACE1 localization on the lipid raft. Furthermore, silencing of BACE1 expression was shown to regulate A? secretion and apoptosis of SK-N-MC. In conclusion, high glucose upregulates BACE1 expression and activity through HIF-1? and LXR?/ABCA1-regulated lipid raft reorganization, leading to A? production and apoptosis of SK-N-MC.

SUBMITTER: Lee HJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5103190 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

High glucose upregulates BACE1-mediated Aβ production through ROS-dependent HIF-1α and LXRα/ABCA1-regulated lipid raft reorganization in SK-N-MC cells.

Lee Hyun Jik HJ Ryu Jung Min JM Jung Young Hyun YH Lee Sei-Jung SJ Kim Jeong Yeon JY Lee Sang Hun SH Hwang In Koo IK Seong Je Kyung JK Han Ho Jae HJ

Scientific reports 20161110

There is an accumulation of evidence indicating that the risk of Alzheimer's disease is associated with diabetes mellitus, an indicator of high glucose concentrations in blood plasma. This study investigated the effect of high glucose on BACE1 expression and amyloidogenesis in vivo, and we present details of the mechanism associated with those effects. Our results, using ZLC and ZDF rat models, showed that ZDF rats have high levels of amyloid-beta (Aβ), phosphorylated tau, BACE1, and APP-C99. In ...[more]

PMID: 27829662

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Project description:Melanoma tumor antigen p97 or melanotransferrin (MTf) is an iron (Fe)-binding protein with high homology to serum transferrin. MTf is expressed at very low levels in normal tissues and in high amounts in melanoma cells. The over-expression of MTf in tumor cells was hypothesized to assist rapidly proliferating neoplastic cells with their increased Fe requirements. However, our recent characterization of the MTf knockout (MTf -/-) mouse demonstrated that MTf did not have an essential role in Fe metabolism. To understand the function of MTf, we utilized whole-genome microarray analysis to examine the gene expression profile of five models after modulating MTf expression. These models included two new stably transfected MTf hyper-expression models (SK-N-MC neuroepithelioma and LMTK- fibroblasts) and one cell type (SK-Mel-28 melanoma) where MTf was down-regulated by post-transcriptional gene silencing. These findings were compared to alterations in gene expression identified using the MTf -/- mouse. In addition, the changes identified from the gene array data were also assessed in a new model of MTf down-regulation in SK-Mel-2 melanoma cells. In the cell line models, MTf hyper-expression led to increased cellular proliferation, while MTf down-regulation resulted in decreased proliferation. Across all five models of MTf down- and up-regulation, we identified three genes modulated by MTf expression. These included ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 5 (Abcb5), whose change in expression mirrored MTf down- or up-regulation. In addition, thiamine triphosphatase (Thtpa) and transcription factor 4 (Tcf4) were inversely expressed relative to MTf levels across all five models. The products of these three genes are involved in membrane transport, thiamine phosphorylation and cell proliferation/survival, respectively. This study identifies novel molecular targets directly or indirectly regulated by MTf and potential pathways involved in its function. These molecular targets could be involved, at least in part, to the role of MTf in modulating proliferation. Experiment Overall Design: Hyper-expression constructs of the human MTf cDNA was generated using the pCMV-Script® (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA) expression vector. The inserts were sequenced and confirmed against human MTf (Genbank Accession: NM_005929) using the public NCBI database. Transfections of pCMV-Script® transgenes/vectors into human SK-N-MC neuroepithelioma cells was performed with Lipofectin® reagent (Invitrogen, Melbourne, Australia) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Total RNA was isolated from the cells using TRIzol Reagent® (Sigma-Aldrich) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Total RNA from the stably-transfected SK-N-MC neuroepithelioma cell lines were prepared and hybridized onto Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array. The human GeneChip® U133 Plus 2.0 consists of greater than 47,000 transcripts and variants from over 38,500 well characterized human genes (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA).

Dataset Information

High glucose upregulates BACE1-mediated A? production through ROS-dependent HIF-1? and LXR?/ABCA1-regulated lipid raft reorganization in SK-N-MC cells.

Publications

High glucose upregulates BACE1-mediated Aβ production through ROS-dependent HIF-1α and LXRα/ABCA1-regulated lipid raft reorganization in SK-N-MC cells.

Similar Datasets

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