Risk Factors for Equine Gastric Glandular Disease: A Case-Control Study in a Finnish Referral Hospital Population.
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ABSTRACT: Background
Equine gastric glandular disease (EGGD) is a term used to classify erosive and ulcerative diseases of the glandular mucosa of the equine stomach. Epidemiologic studies of risk factors for EGGD have not been reported.Objective
To determine risk factors for EGGD.Animals
Cases (n = 83) had endoscopic evidence of EGGD; controls (n = 34) included healthy horses and horses with equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) without EGGD.Methods
Retrospective case-control study. The data were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression modeling. Analysis was performed on the full dataset. An additional analysis compared horses with glandular lesions (n = 43) against healthy horses (n = 22).Results
On first analysis, Warmblood breed (OR = 13.9, 95% CI 2.2-90.9, P = .005) and an increasing number of caretakers (OR = 7.3, 95% CI 0.98-55.6, P = .053) were associated with an increased risk of EGGD. On analysis of the subset of data, Warmblood breed (OR = 28.6, 95% CI 2.96-250.0, P = .004) and increasing number of riders (OR = 12.99, 95% CI 0.94-166.7, P = .056) were risk factors. The presence of sand in the colon appeared to have a protective effect against EGGD (OR = 0.195, 95% CI 0.04-1.0, P = .051 for sand versus not having sand).Conclusions and clinical importance
This study suggests that Warmbloods are predisposed to EGGD and multiple handlers/riders might increase the risk of EGGD. Identification of risk factors allows speculation on potential pathophysiological mechanisms of EGGD.
SUBMITTER: Monki J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5108429 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundGastric cancer is the fourth-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The only curative treatment options of gastric cancer are perioperative chemotherapy and surgical resection. Many nationwide registries have high validity and provide vast range of opportunities for registry-based research. Cancer diagnoses in the Finnish Cancer Registry (FCR) are reported by pathology laboratories and clinician forms, while discharge diagnosis codes are reported to the Finnish Patient Registry (HILMO) automatically. Finland is known for complete registries but the completeness of gastric cancer in FCR and HILMO remains unclear.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to assess the registry coverage for gastric cancer in FCR and HILMO and to explore potential reasons for possible differences between these registries.DesignPopulation-based nationwide retrospective cohort study.ParticipantsAll patients diagnosed with gastric cancer in Finland during 1990 to 2014, with follow-up until 31 December 2019.ResultsOut of 21 468 total gastric cancers reported to either registry, 17 107 (79.7%) had a gastric cancer diagnosis in both registries. A substantial decrease from 88.3% to 83.4% was observed in the proportion of cases reported to FCR over time. The completeness of FCR was estimated at 87%. For HILMO, the completeness was 92.7%. Death due to gastric cancer was most common in those with gastric cancer in both registries (80.8%), and less common in those reported to only FCR (36.3%), followed by those reported to only HILMO (9.3%).ConclusionsThe study indicates that gastric cancer is well captured by both FCR and HILMO but there is an alarming decrease in the proportion of cases captured by the FCR over time. Some gastric cancer diagnoses in HILMO might, however, be misclassified due to cancer diagnoses being assigned based on clinical suspicion.
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