Dataset Information

Spatial and temporal specificity of Ca²⁺ signalling in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in response to osmotic stress.

ABSTRACT: Ca²⁺ -dependent signalling processes enable plants to perceive and respond to diverse environmental stressors, such as osmotic stress. A clear understanding of the role of spatiotemporal Ca²⁺ signalling in green algal lineages is necessary in order to understand how the Ca²⁺ signalling machinery has evolved in land plants. We used single-cell imaging of Ca²⁺ -responsive fluorescent dyes in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to examine the specificity of spatial and temporal dynamics of Ca²⁺ elevations in the cytosol and flagella in response to salinity and osmotic stress. We found that salt stress induced a single Ca²⁺ elevation that was modulated by the strength of the stimulus and originated in the apex of the cell, spreading as a fast Ca²⁺ wave. By contrast, hypo-osmotic stress induced a series of repetitive Ca²⁺ elevations in the cytosol that were spatially uniform. Hypo-osmotic stimuli also induced Ca²⁺ elevations in the flagella that occurred independently from those in the cytosol. Our results indicate that the requirement for Ca²⁺ signalling in response to osmotic stress is conserved between land plants and green algae, but the distinct spatial and temporal dynamics of osmotic Ca²⁺ elevations in C. reinhardtii suggest important mechanistic differences between the two lineages.

SUBMITTER: Bickerton P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5111745 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Spatial and temporal specificity of Ca2+ signalling in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in response to osmotic stress.

Bickerton Peter P Sello Simone S Brownlee Colin C Pittman Jon K JK Wheeler Glen L GL

The New phytologist 20160812 4

Ca2+ -dependent signalling processes enable plants to perceive and respond to diverse environmental stressors, such as osmotic stress. A clear understanding of the role of spatiotemporal Ca2+ signalling in green algal lineages is necessary in order to understand how the Ca2+ signalling machinery has evolved in land plants. We used single-cell imaging of Ca2+ -responsive fluorescent dyes in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to examine ...[more]

PMID: 27516045

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Project description:Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is one of the most important model organisms nowadays phylogenetically situated between higher plants and animals (Merchant et al. 2007). Stress adaptation of this unicellular model algae is in the focus because of its relevance to biomass and biofuel production. Here, we have studied cold stress adaptation of C. reinhardtii hitherto not described for this algae whereas intensively studied in higher plants. Toward this goal, high throughput mass spectrometry was employed to integrate proteome, metabolome, physiological and cell-morphological changes during a time-course from 0 to 120 h. These data were complemented with RT-qPCR for target genes involved in central metabolism, signaling, and lipid biosynthesis. Using this approach dynamics in central metabolism were linked to cold-stress dependent sugar and autophagy pathways as well as novel genes in C. reinhardtii such as CKIN1, CKIN2 and a hitherto functionally not annotated protein named CKIN3. Cold stress affected extensively the physiology and the organization of the cell. Gluconeogenesis and starch biosynthesis pathways are activated leading to a pronounced starch and sugar accumulation. Quantitative lipid profiles indicate a sharp decrease in the lipophilic fraction and an increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids suggesting this as a mechanism of maintaining membrane fluidity. The proteome is completely remodeled during cold stress: specific candidates of the ribosome and the spliceosome indicate altered biosynthesis and degradation of proteins important for adaptation to low temperatures. Specific proteasome degradation may be mediated by the observed cold-specific changes in the ubiquitinylation system. Sparse partial least squares regression analysis was applied for protein correlation network analysis using proteins as predictors and Fv/Fm, FW, total lipids, and starch as responses. We applied also Granger causality analysis and revealed correlations between proteins and metabolites otherwise not detectable. Twenty percent of the proteins responsive to cold are uncharacterized proteins. This presents a considerable resource for new discoveries in cold stress biology in alga and plants.

Dataset Information

Spatial and temporal specificity of Ca²⁺ signalling in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in response to osmotic stress.

Publications

Spatial and temporal specificity of Ca<sup>2+</sup> signalling in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in response to osmotic stress.

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