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Osteogenic and bactericidal surfaces from hydrothermal titania nanowires on titanium substrates.

ABSTRACT: Nanotopographical cues on Ti have been shown to elicit different cell responses such as cell differentiation and selective growth. Bone remodelling is a constant process requiring specific cues for optimal bone growth and implant fixation. Moreover, biofilm formation and the resulting infection on surgical implants is a major issue. Our aim is to identify nanopatterns on Ti surfaces that would be optimal for both bone remodelling and for reducing risk of bacterial infection. Primary human osteoblast/osteoclast co-cultures were seeded onto Ti substrates with TiO₂ nanowires grown under alkaline conditions at 240?°C for different times (2, 2.5 or 3?h). Cell growth and behaviour was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), immunofluorescence microscopy, histochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR methods. Bacterial colonisation of the nanowire surfaces was also assessed by confocal microscopy and SEM. From the three surfaces tested the 2?h nanowire surface supported osteoblast and to a lesser extent osteoclast growth and differentiation. At the same time bacterial viability was reduced. Hence the 2?h surface provided optimal bone remodeling in vitro conditions while reducing infection risk, making it a favourable candidate for future implant surfaces.

SUBMITTER: Tsimbouri PM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5114696 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Osteogenic and bactericidal surfaces from hydrothermal titania nanowires on titanium substrates.

Tsimbouri P M PM Fisher L L Holloway N N Sjostrom T T Nobbs A H AH Meek R M D RM Su B B Dalby M J MJ

Scientific reports 20161118

Nanotopographical cues on Ti have been shown to elicit different cell responses such as cell differentiation and selective growth. Bone remodelling is a constant process requiring specific cues for optimal bone growth and implant fixation. Moreover, biofilm formation and the resulting infection on surgical implants is a major issue. Our aim is to identify nanopatterns on Ti surfaces that would be optimal for both bone remodelling and for reducing risk of bacterial infection. Primary human osteob ...[more]

PMID: 27857168

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Project description:Biomaterials that have been newly implanted inside the body are the substratum targets for a "race for the surface", in which bacterial cells compete against eukaryotic cells for the opportunity to colonize the surface. A victory by the former often results in biomaterial-associated infections, which can be a serious threat to patient health and can undermine the function and performance of the implant. Moreover, bacteria can often have a 'head start' if implant contamination has taken place either prior to or during the surgery. Current prevention and treatment strategies often rely on systemic antibiotic therapies, which are becoming increasingly ineffective due to a growing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Nanostructured surfaces that kill bacteria by physically rupturing bacterial cells upon contact have recently emerged as a promising solution for the mitigation of bacterial colonization of implants. Furthermore, these nanoscale features have been shown to enhance the adhesion and proliferation of eukaryotic cells, which is a key to, for example, the successful osseointegration of load-bearing titanium implants. The bactericidal activity and biocompatibility of such nanostructured surfaces are often, however, examined separately, and it is not clear to what extent bacterial cell-surface interactions would affect the subsequent outcomes of host-cell attachment and osseointegration processes. In this study, we investigated the ability of bactericidal nanostructured titanium surfaces to support the attachment and growth of osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells, despite them having been pre-infected with pathogenic bacteria. MG-63 is a commonly used osteoblastic model to study bone cell viability, adhesion, and proliferation on the surfaces of load-bearing biomaterials, such as titanium. The nanostructured titanium surfaces used here were observed to kill the pathogenic bacteria, whilst simultaneously enhancing the growth of MG-63 cells in vitro when compared to that occurring on sterile, flat titanium surfaces. These results provide further evidence in support of nanostructured bactericidal surfaces being used as a strategy to help eukaryotic cells win the "race for the surface" against bacterial cells on implant materials.

Dataset Information

Osteogenic and bactericidal surfaces from hydrothermal titania nanowires on titanium substrates.

Publications

Osteogenic and bactericidal surfaces from hydrothermal titania nanowires on titanium substrates.

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