Dataset Information

SF-1 expression in the hypothalamus is required for beneficial metabolic effects of exercise.

ABSTRACT: Exercise has numerous beneficial metabolic effects. The central nervous system (CNS) is critical for regulating energy balance and coordinating whole body metabolism. However, a role for the CNS in the regulation of metabolism in the context of the exercise remains less clear. Here, using genetically engineered mice we assessed the requirement of steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) expression in neurons of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) in mediating the beneficial effects of exercise on metabolism. We found that VMH-specific deletion of SF-1 blunts (a) the reductions in fat mass, (b) improvements in glycemia, and (c) increases in energy expenditure that are associated with exercise training. Unexpectedly, we found that SF-1 deletion in the VMH attenuates metabolic responses of skeletal muscle to exercise, including induction of PGC-1? expression. Collectively, this evidence suggests that SF-1 expression in VMH neurons is required for the beneficial effects of exercise on metabolism.

SUBMITTER: Fujikawa T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5119890 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

SF-1 expression in the hypothalamus is required for beneficial metabolic effects of exercise.

Fujikawa Teppei T Castorena Carlos M CM Pearson Mackenzie M Kusminski Christine M CM Ahmed Newaz N Battiprolu Pavan K PK Kim Ki Woo KW Lee Syann S Hill Joseph A JA Scherer Philipp E PE Holland William L WL Elmquist Joel K JK

eLife 20161122

Exercise has numerous beneficial metabolic effects. The central nervous system (CNS) is critical for regulating energy balance and coordinating whole body metabolism. However, a role for the CNS in the regulation of metabolism in the context of the exercise remains less clear. Here, using genetically engineered mice we assessed the requirement of steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) expression in neurons of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) in mediating the beneficial effects of exercise on m ...[more]

PMID: 27874828

Similar Datasets

Project description:PURPOSE:Whether the benefits of exercise during chemotherapy continue into survivorship is not well-known. Here, the aim was to examine the effects of two exercise interventions on self-reported health-related and objectively measured physiological outcomes 12 months following commencement of chemotherapy. METHODS:Two hundred and forty women with breast cancer stage I-IIIa were randomized to 16 weeks of high-intensity aerobic interval training combined with either resistance training (RT-HIIT), or moderate-intensity aerobic training (AT-HIIT), or to usual care (UC). PRIMARY OUTCOME:cancer-related fatigue (CRF); secondary outcomes: quality of life (QoL), symptom burden, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory-fitness, body mass, and return to work. RESULTS:Compared to UC, both RT-HIIT and AT-HIIT significantly counteracted increases in total CRF (ES?=?-?0.34; ES?=?-?0.10), daily life CRF (ES=-0.76; ES=-0.50, and affective CRF (ES=-0.60; ES=-0.39). Both RT-HIIT and AT-HIIT reported significantly lower total symptoms (ES?=?-?0.46, ES?=?-?0.46), and displayed gains in lower limb (ES?=?0.73; ES?=?1.03) and handgrip muscle strength (surgery side ES?=?0.70, ES?=?0.71; non-surgery side ES?=?0.57, ES?=?0.59). AT-HIIT displayed significant reductions in body mass (ES?=?-?0.24), improved QoL: role (ES?=?0.33) and emotional functioning (ES?=?0.40), and a larger proportion had returned to work (p?=?0.02) vs UC. CONCLUSION:These findings emphasize the beneficial effects of supervised high-intensity exercise during chemotherapy to improve the health and to reduce societal costs associated with prolonged sick leave for patients with breast cancer several months following chemotherapy. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS:These findings provide important information with substantial positive consequences for breast cancer survivorship. High-intensity exercise programs during chemotherapy and support to maintain physical activity can be a powerful strategy to manage or prevent many of the short- and long-term adverse effects of treatment for the increasing cohort of cancer survivors.

Project description:BackgroundIncreased physical exercise improves cognitive function and reduces pathology associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise in AD on the level of specific brain cell types remain poorly investigated. The involvement of astrocytes in AD pathology is widely described, but their exact role in exercise-mediated neuroprotection warrant further investigation. Here, we investigated the effect of long-term voluntary physical exercise on the modulation of the astrocyte state.MethodsMale 5xFAD mice and their wild-type littermates had free access to a running wheel from 1.5 to 7 months of age. A battery of behavioral tests was used to assess the effects of voluntary exercise on cognition and learning. Neuronal loss, impairment in neurogenesis, beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition, and inflammation were evaluated using a variety of histological and biochemical measurements. Sophisticated morphological analyses were performed to delineate the specific involvement of astrocytes in exercise-induced neuroprotection in the 5xFAD mice.ResultsLong-term voluntary physical exercise reversed cognitive impairment in 7-month-old 5xFAD mice without affecting neurogenesis, neuronal loss, Aβ plaque deposition, or microglia activation. Exercise increased glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity and the number of GFAP-positive astrocytes in 5xFAD hippocampi. GFAP-positive astrocytes in hippocampi of the exercised 5xFAD mice displayed increases in the numbers of primary branches and in the soma area. In general, astrocytes distant from Aβ plaques were smaller in size and possessed simplified processes in comparison to plaque-associated GFAP-positive astrocytes. Morphological alterations of GFAP-positive astrocytes occurred concomitantly with increased astrocytic brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and restoration of postsynaptic protein PSD-95.ConclusionsVoluntary physical exercise modulates the reactive astrocyte state, which could be linked via astrocytic BDNF and PSD-95 to improved cognition in 5xFAD hippocampi. The molecular pathways involved in this modulation could potentially be targeted for benefit against AD.

Dataset Information

SF-1 expression in the hypothalamus is required for beneficial metabolic effects of exercise.

Publications

SF-1 expression in the hypothalamus is required for beneficial metabolic effects of exercise.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure