Dataset Information

Hepatitis E virus: Western Cape, South Africa.

ABSTRACT: To conduct a prospective assessment of anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) IgG seroprevalence in the Western Cape Province of South Africa in conjunction with evaluating risk factors for exposure.Consenting participants attending clinics and wards of Groote Schuur, Red Cross Children's Hospital and their affiliated teaching hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa, were sampled. Healthy adults attending blood donor clinics were also recruited. Patients with known liver disease were excluded and all major ethnic/race groups were included to broadly represent local demographics. Relevant demographic data was captured at the time of sampling using an interviewer-administered confidential questionnaire. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status was self-disclosed. HEV IgG testing was performed using the Wantai® assay.HEV is endemic in the region with a seroprevalence of 27.9% (n = 324/1161) 95%CI: 25.3%-30.5% (21.9% when age-adjusted) with no significant differences between ethnic groups or HIV status. Seroprevalence in children is low but rapidly increases in early adulthood. With univariate analysis, age ? 30 years old, pork and bacon/ham consumption suggested risk. In the multivariate analysis, the highest risk factor for HEV IgG seropositivity (OR = 7.679, 95%CI: 5.38-10.96, P < 0.001) was being 30 years or older followed by pork consumption (OR = 2.052, 95%CI: 1.39-3.03, P < 0.001). A recent clinical case demonstrates that HEV genotype 3 may be currently circulating in the Western Cape.Hepatitis E seroprevalence was considerably higher than previously thought suggesting that hepatitis E warrants consideration in any patient presenting with an unexplained hepatitis in the Western Cape, irrespective of travel history, age or ethnicity.

SUBMITTER: Madden RG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5124991 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Hepatitis E virus: Western Cape, South Africa.

Madden Richie G RG Wallace Sebastian S Sonderup Mark M Korsman Stephen S Chivese Tawanda T Gavine Bronwyn B Edem Aniefiok A Govender Roxy R English Nathan N Kaiyamo Christy C Lutchman Odelia O van der Eijk Annemiek A AA Pas Suzan D SD Webb Glynn W GW Palmer Joanne J Goddard Elizabeth E Wasserman Sean S Dalton Harry R HR Spearman C Wendy CW

World journal of gastroenterology 20161101 44

<h4>Aim</h4>To conduct a prospective assessment of anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) IgG seroprevalence in the Western Cape Province of South Africa in conjunction with evaluating risk factors for exposure.<h4>Methods</h4>Consenting participants attending clinics and wards of Groote Schuur, Red Cross Children's Hospital and their affiliated teaching hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa, were sampled. Healthy adults attending blood donor clinics were also recruited. Patients with known liver disease w ...[more]

PMID: 27956810

Similar Datasets

Project description:Background:Sub-Saharan Africa bears a disproportionate burden of mortality from trauma. District hospitals, although not trauma centres, play a critical role in the trauma care system by serving as frontline hospitals. However, the clinical characteristics of patients receiving trauma care in African district hospitals remains under-described and is a barrier to trauma care system development. We aim to describe the burden of trauma at district hospitals by analysing trauma patients at a prototypical district hospital emergency centre. Methods:An observational study was conducted in August, 2014 at Wesfleur Hospital, a district facility in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Data were manually collected from a paper registry for all patients visiting the emergency centre. Patients with trauma were selected for further analysis. Results:Of 3299 total cases, 565 (17.1%) presented with trauma, of which 348 (61.6%) were male. Of the trauma patients, 256 (47.6%) were ages 18-34 and 298 (52.7%) presented on the weekend. Intentional injuries (assault, stab wounds, and gunshot wounds) represented 251 (44.4%) cases of trauma. There were 314 (55.6%) cases of injuries that were unintentional, including road traffic injuries. There were 144 (60%) intentionally injured patients that arrived overnight (7pm-7am). Patients with intentional injuries were three times more likely to be transferred (to higher levels of care) or admitted than patients with unintentional injuries. Conclusion:This district hospital emergency centre, with a small complement of non-EM trained physicians and no trauma surgical services, cared for a high volume of trauma with over half presenting on weekends and overnight when personnel are limited. The high volume and rate of admission/ transfer of intentional injuries suggests the need for improving prehospital trauma triage and trauma referrals. The results suggest strengthening trauma care systems at and around this resource-limited district hospital in South Africa may help alleviate the high burden of post-trauma morbidity and mortality.

Dataset Information

Hepatitis E virus: Western Cape, South Africa.

Publications

Hepatitis E virus: Western Cape, South Africa.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets