Dataset Information

Activity flow over resting-state networks shapes cognitive task activations.

ABSTRACT: Resting-state functional connectivity (FC) has helped reveal the intrinsic network organization of the human brain, yet its relevance to cognitive task activations has been unclear. Uncertainty remains despite evidence that resting-state FC patterns are highly similar to cognitive task activation patterns. Identifying the distributed processes that shape localized cognitive task activations may help reveal why resting-state FC is so strongly related to cognitive task activations. We found that estimating task-evoked activity flow (the spread of activation amplitudes) over resting-state FC networks allowed prediction of cognitive task activations in a large-scale neural network model. Applying this insight to empirical functional MRI data, we found that cognitive task activations can be predicted in held-out brain regions (and held-out individuals) via estimated activity flow over resting-state FC networks. This suggests that task-evoked activity flow over intrinsic networks is a large-scale mechanism explaining the relevance of resting-state FC to cognitive task activations.

SUBMITTER: Cole MW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5127712 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Activity flow over resting-state networks shapes cognitive task activations.

Cole Michael W MW Ito Takuya T Bassett Danielle S DS Schultz Douglas H DH

Nature neuroscience 20161010 12

Resting-state functional connectivity (FC) has helped reveal the intrinsic network organization of the human brain, yet its relevance to cognitive task activations has been unclear. Uncertainty remains despite evidence that resting-state FC patterns are highly similar to cognitive task activation patterns. Identifying the distributed processes that shape localized cognitive task activations may help reveal why resting-state FC is so strongly related to cognitive task activations. We found that e ...[more]

PMID: 27723746

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Project description:Switching is a difficult cognitive process characterised by costs in task performance; specifically, slowed responses and reduced accuracy. It is associated with the recruitment of a large coalition of task-positive regions including those referred to as the multiple demand cortex (MDC). The neural correlates of switching not only include the MDC, but occasionally the default mode network (DMN), a characteristically task-negative network. To unpick the role of the DMN during switching we collected fMRI data from 24 participants playing a switching paradigm that perturbed predictability (i.e., cognitive load) across three switch dimensions-sequential, perceptual, and spatial predictability. We computed the activity maps unique to switch vs. stay trials and all switch dimensions, then evaluated functional connectivity under these switch conditions by computing the pairwise mutual information functional connectivity (miFC) between regional timeseries. Switch trials exhibited an expected cost in reaction time while sequential predictability produced a significant benefit to task accuracy. Our results showed that switch trials recruited a broader activity map than stay trials, including regions of the DMN, the MDC, and task-positive networks such as visual, somatomotor, dorsal, salience/ventral attention networks. More sequentially predictable trials recruited increased activity in the somatomotor and salience/ventral attention networks. Notably, changes in sequential and perceptual predictability, but not spatial predictability, had significant effects on miFC. Increases in perceptual predictability related to decreased miFC between control, visual, somatomotor, and DMN regions, whereas increases in sequential predictability increased miFC between regions in the same networks, as well as regions within ventral attention/ salience, dorsal attention, limbic, and temporal parietal networks. These results provide novel clues as to how DMN may contribute to executive task performance. Specifically, the improved task performance, unique activity, and increased miFC associated with increased sequential predictability suggest that the DMN may coordinate more strongly with the MDC to generate a temporal schema of upcoming task events, which may attenuate switching costs.

Dataset Information

Activity flow over resting-state networks shapes cognitive task activations.

Publications

Activity flow over resting-state networks shapes cognitive task activations.

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