Dataset Information

Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections in a French Hospital: A 12-Year Retrospective Study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmental organisms associated with a range of infections. Reports of NTM epidemiology are mainly focused on pulmonary infections and isolations, and extrapulmonary infections are less frequently described.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study of NTM infections at the Bordeaux University Hospital, France, between January 2002 and December 2013. We used the microbiologic component of the American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America's pulmonary NTM disease criteria to define cases of pulmonary NTM, and patients with isolates from a normally sterile site were classified as having extrapulmonary disease.

Results

In our setting, 170 patients were included. Pulmonary cases predominated (54.1%), followed by skin and soft tissue infections (22.9%), disseminated cases (10.6%), lymphadenitis (7.7%), bone and joint infections (2.9%) and the remaining 1.8% catheter-related infections. Overall, 16 NTM species were isolated. Mycobacterium avium (31.8%) and M. intracellulare (20%) were the most common species identified, followed by M. marinum (13.5%), M. kansasii (10.6%), M. xenopi (9.4%), rapidly growing mycobacteria (9.4%) and other slowly growing mycobacteria (5.3%). In general, NTM isolates were largely prevalent in people older than 50 (62.4%); patients aged 1-10 year-old exclusively yielded M. avium from lymph nodes, almost cases having being diagnosed after 2007. Among the 121 patients with complete follow-up, 78 (64.5%), 24 (19.8%), and 19 (15.7%) were cured, experienced relapse, or died, respectively.

Conclusion

In our study, extrapulmonary NTM infections represented almost half of cases, consisting mainly in skin and soft tissue infections. The increase lymphadenitis cases in children after 2007 could be linked to the cessation of mandatory BCG vaccination in France. We observed similar cure rates (64%) between pulmonary and extrapulmonary infections.

SUBMITTER: Blanc P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5154556 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections in a French Hospital: A 12-Year Retrospective Study.

Blanc Peggy P Dutronc Hervé H Peuchant Olivia O Dauchy Frédéric-Antoine FA Cazanave Charles C Neau Didier D Wirth Gaëtane G Pellegrin Jean-Luc JL Morlat Philippe P Mercié Patrick P Tunon-de-Lara José-Manuel JM Doutre Marie-Sylvie MS Pélissier Philippe P Dupon Michel M

PloS one 20161213 12

<h4>Background</h4>Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmental organisms associated with a range of infections. Reports of NTM epidemiology are mainly focused on pulmonary infections and isolations, and extrapulmonary infections are less frequently described.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a retrospective study of NTM infections at the Bordeaux University Hospital, France, between January 2002 and December 2013. We used the microbiologic component of the American Thoracic Society/Infectious ...[more]

PMID: 27959960

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Project description:BackgroundNontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) has become an emerging infectious disease and is responsible for more deaths than tuberculosis in industrialized countries. NTM-PD mortality remains high in some series reportedly ranging from 25% to 40% at five years and often due to unfavorable evolution of NTM-PD despite established treatment. The purpose of our study was to search for early factors that could predict the favorable or unfavorable evolution of NTM-PD at the first year of treatment.MethodsIn this retrospective and multicenter study, we selected 119 patients based on clinical, radiological and microbiological data from 2002 to 2012 from three French university hospitals (Guadeloupe, Martinique, Montpellier) with definite (meeting the criteria of the American Thoracic Society and the Infectious Disease Society of America in 2007; ATS/IDSA) or probable (one positive sputum culture) NTM-PD. We compared two patient groups: those who improved at one year (clinical symptoms, radiological lesions and microbiology data) and those who did not improve at one year. The data were analyzed for all patients as well as for subgroups by gender, HIV-positive patients, and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection.ResultsThe average patient age was 50 years ± 19.4; 58% had respiratory comorbidities, 24% were HIV positive and 19% had cystic fibrosis. Coughing concerned 66% of patients and bronchiectasis concerned 45%. The most frequently isolated NTM were MAC (46%). 57% (n = 68) of patients met the ATS criteria and improved status concerned 38.6% (n = 46). The improvement factors at one year of NTM-PD were associated with the duration of ethambutol treatment: (Odds ratio adjusted [ORa]: 2.24, 95% Confidence interval [CI]; 2.11-3.41), HIV-positive status: (ORa: 3.23, 95% CI; 1.27-8.45), and male gender: (ORa: 2.34, 95% CI; 1.26-8.16). For the group with NTM-PD due to MAC, improvement was associated with the duration of macrolide treatment (ORa: 3.27, 95% CI; 1.88-7.30) and an age <50 years (ORa: 1.88, 95% CI; 1.55-8.50).ConclusionIn this retrospective multicenter study, improvement at one year in patients with definite or probable NTM-PD was associated with the duration of ethambutol treatment, HIV-positive status and male gender. For the group of patients infected with MAC, improvement was associated with the duration of macrolide treatment and an age <50 years. Identifying predictors of improvement at one year of NTM-PD is expected to optimize the management of the disease in its early stages.

Project description:ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare long-term mortality following diagnosis of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease between patients with and without rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to evaluate predictive factors for death outcomes.MethodsWe reviewed the electronic medical records of all patients who were newly diagnosed with pulmonary NTM disease at participating institutions between August 2009 and December 2018. Patients were followed until death, loss to follow-up, or the end of the study. Taking into consideration the presence of competing risks, we used the cumulative incidence function with Gray's test and Fine-Gray regression analysis for survival analysis.ResultsA total of 225 patients (34 RA patients and 191 non-RA controls) were followed, with a mean time of 47.5 months. Death occurred in 35.3% of RA patients and 25.7% of non-RA patients. An exacerbation of pulmonary NTM disease represented the major cause of death. The estimated cumulative incidence of all-cause death at 5 years was 24% for RA patients and 23% for non-RA patients. For NTM-related death, the 5-year cumulative incidence rate was estimated to be 11% for RA patients and 18% for non-RA patients. Gray's test revealed that long-term mortality estimates were not significantly different between patient groups. Fine-Gray regression analysis showed that the predictive factors for NTM-related death were advanced age (adjusted hazards ratio 7.28 [95% confidence interval 2.91-18.20] for ≥80 years and 3.68 [1.46-9.26] for 70-80 years vs. <70 years), male sex (2.40 [1.29-4.45]), Mycobacterium abscessus complex (4.30 [1.46-12.69] vs. M. avium), and cavitary disease (4.08 [1.70-9.80]).ConclusionsRA patients with pulmonary NTM disease were not at greater risk of long-term mortality compared with non-RA patients. Rather, advanced age, male sex, causative NTM species, and cavitary NTM disease should be considered when predicting the outcomes of RA patients with pulmonary NTM disease.

Dataset Information

Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections in a French Hospital: A 12-Year Retrospective Study.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections in a French Hospital: A 12-Year Retrospective Study.

Similar Datasets

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