Dataset Information

X-Linked Alport Dogs Demonstrate Mesangial Filopodial Invasion of the Capillary Tuft as an Early Event in Glomerular Damage.

ABSTRACT:

Background

X-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS), caused by mutations in the type IV collagen COL4A5 gene, accounts for approximately 80% of human Alport syndrome. Dogs with XLAS have a similar clinical progression. Prior studies in autosomal recessive Alport mice demonstrated early mesangial cell invasion as the source of laminin 211 in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), leading to proinflammatory signaling. The objective of this study was to verify this process in XLAS dogs.

Methods

XLAS dogs and WT littermates were monitored with serial clinicopathologic data and kidney biopsies. Biopsies were obtained at set milestones defined by the onset of microalbuminuria (MA), overt proteinuria, onset of azotemia, moderate azotemia, and euthanasia. Kidney biopsies were analyzed by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy.

Results

XLAS dogs showed progressive decrease in renal function and progressive increase in interstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis (based on light microscopy and immunostaining for fibronectin). The only identifiable structural abnormality at the time of microalbuminuria was ultrastructural evidence of mild segmental GBM multilamination, which was more extensive when overt proteinuria developed. Co-localization studies showed that mesangial laminin 211 and integrin ?8?1 accumulated in the GBM at the onset of overt proteinuria and coincided with ultrastructural evidence of mild cellular interpositioning, consistent with invasion of the capillary loops by mesangial cell processes.

Conclusion

In a large animal model, the induction of mesangial filopodial invasion of the glomerular capillary loop leading to the irregular deposition of laminin 211 is an early initiating event in Alport glomerular pathology.

SUBMITTER: Clark SD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5154607 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

X-Linked Alport Dogs Demonstrate Mesangial Filopodial Invasion of the Capillary Tuft as an Early Event in Glomerular Damage.

Clark Sabrina D SD Nabity Mary B MB Cianciolo Rachel E RE Dufek Brianna B Cosgrove Dominic D

PloS one 20161213 12

<h4>Background</h4>X-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS), caused by mutations in the type IV collagen COL4A5 gene, accounts for approximately 80% of human Alport syndrome. Dogs with XLAS have a similar clinical progression. Prior studies in autosomal recessive Alport mice demonstrated early mesangial cell invasion as the source of laminin 211 in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), leading to proinflammatory signaling. The objective of this study was to verify this process in XLAS dogs.<h4>Methods< ...[more]

PMID: 27959966

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Project description:In 129 Sv autosomal Alport mice, the strial capillary basement membranes (SCBMs) progressively thicken between 5 and 9 weeks of age resulting in a hypoxic microenvironment with metabolic stress and induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. These events occur concomitant with a drop in endocochlear potential and a susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss under conditions that do not permanently affect age/strain-matched littermates. Here we aimed to gain an understanding of events that occur before the onset of SCBM thickening. Alport stria has normal thickness and shows levels of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules in the SCBMs commensurate with wild-type mice. Hearing thresholds in the 3-week Alport mice do not differ from those of wild-type mice. We performed RNAseq analysis using RNA from stria vascularis isolated from 3-week Alport mice and wild type littermates. Data was processed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software and further distilled using manual procedures. RNAseq analysis revealed significant dysregulation of genes involved in cell adhesion, cell migration, formation of protrusions, and both actin and tubulin cytoskeletal dynamics. Overall, the data suggested changes in the cellular architecture of the stria might be apparent. To test this notion, we performed dual immunofluorescence analysis on whole mounts of the stria vascularis from these same animals stained with anti-isolectin gs-ib4 (endothelial cell marker) and anti-desmin (pericyte marker) antibodies. The results showed evidence of pericyte detachment and migration as well as the formation of membrane ruffling on pericytes in z-stacked confocal images from Alport mice compared to wild type littermates. This was confirmed by TEM analysis. Earlier work from our lab showed that endothelin A receptor blockade prevents SCBM thickening and ECM accumulation in the SCBMs. Treating cultured pericytes with endothelin-1 induced actin cytoskeletal rearrangement, increasing the ratio of filamentous to globular actin. Collectively, these findings suggest that the change in type IV collagen composition in the Alport SCBMs results in cellular insult to the pericyte compartment, activating detachment and altered cytoskeletal dynamics. These events precede SCBM thickening and hearing loss in Alport mice, and thus constitute the earliest event so far recognized in Alport strial pathology.

Dataset Information

X-Linked Alport Dogs Demonstrate Mesangial Filopodial Invasion of the Capillary Tuft as an Early Event in Glomerular Damage.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

X-Linked Alport Dogs Demonstrate Mesangial Filopodial Invasion of the Capillary Tuft as an Early Event in Glomerular Damage.

Similar Datasets

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