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Cross-Classification of Human Urinary Lipidome by Sex, Age, and Body Mass Index.

ABSTRACT: Technological advancements in past decades have led to the development of integrative analytical approaches to lipidomics, such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS), and information about biogenic lipids is rapidly accumulating. Although several cohort-based studies have been conducted on the composition of urinary lipidome, the data on urinary lipids cross-classified by sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) are insufficient to screen for various abnormalities. To promote the development of urinary lipid metabolome-based diagnostic assay, we analyzed 60 urine samples from healthy white adults (young (c.a., 30 years) and old (c.a., 60 years) men/women) using LC/MS. Women had a higher urinary concentration of omega-3 12-lipoxygenase (LOX)-generated oxylipins with anti-inflammatory activity compared to men. In addition, young women showed increased abundance of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and cytochrome P450 (P450)-produced oxylipins with anti-hypertensive activity compared with young men, whereas elderly women exhibited higher concentration of 5-LOX-generated anti-inflammatory oxylipins than elderly men. There were no significant differences in urinary oxylipin levels between young and old subjects or between subjects with low and high BMI. Our findings suggest that sex, but neither ages nor BMI could be a confounding factor for measuring the composition of urinary lipid metabolites in the healthy population. The information showed contribute to the development of reliable biomarker findings from urine.

SUBMITTER: Okemoto K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5156423 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cross-Classification of Human Urinary Lipidome by Sex, Age, and Body Mass Index.

Okemoto Kazuo K Maekawa Keiko K Tajima Yoko Y Tohkin Masahiro M Saito Yoshiro Y

PloS one 20161214 12

Technological advancements in past decades have led to the development of integrative analytical approaches to lipidomics, such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS), and information about biogenic lipids is rapidly accumulating. Although several cohort-based studies have been conducted on the composition of urinary lipidome, the data on urinary lipids cross-classified by sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) are insufficient to screen for various abnormalities. To promote the develop ...[more]

PMID: 27973561

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Project description:RationaleObesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is often underdiagnosed, with significant morbidity and mortality. Bicarbonate, as a surrogate of arterial carbon dioxide, has been proposed as a screening tool for OHS. Understanding the predictors of serum bicarbonate could provide insights into risk factors for OHS. We hypothesized that the bicarbonate levels would increase with an increase in body mass index (BMI), since the prevalence of OHS increases with obesity.MethodsWe used the TriNetX Research Network, an electronic health record database with de-identified clinical data from participating healthcare organizations across the United States, to identify 93,320 adults without pulmonary or advanced renal diseases who had serum bicarbonate and BMI measurements within 6 months of each other between 2017 and 2022. We used linear regression analysis to examine the associations between bicarbonate and BMI, age, and their interactions for the entire cohort and stratified by sex. We also applied a non-linear machine learning algorithm (XGBoost) to examine the relative importance of age, BMI, sex, race/ethnicity, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) status on bicarbonate.ResultsThis cohort population was 56% women and 72% white and 80% non-Hispanic individuals, with an average (SD) age of 49.4 (17.9) years and a BMI of 29.1 (6.1) kg/m2. The mean bicarbonate was 24.8 (2.8) mmol/L, with higher levels in men (mean 25.2 mmol/L) than in women (mean 24.4 mmol/L). We found a small negative association between bicarbonate and BMI, with an expected change of -0.03 mmol/L in bicarbonate for each 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI (p < 0.001), in the entire cohort and both sexes. We found sex differences in the bicarbonate trajectory with age, with women exhibiting lower bicarbonate values than men until age 50, after which the bicarbonate levels were modestly higher. The non-linear machine learning algorithm similarly revealed that age and sex played larger roles in determining bicarbonate levels than the BMI or OSA status.ConclusionContrary to our hypothesis, BMI is not associated with elevated bicarbonate levels, and age modifies the impact of sex on bicarbonate.

Project description:IntroductionElevated serum triglyceride concentrations increase the risk of developing atherosclerosis, the leading cause of cardiovascular disease. Postprandial triglyceride concentrations have shown to be a stronger predictor of cardiovascular disease compared to fasting triglycerides. It is therefore clinically relevant to study patterns of postprandial triglyceride concentrations in a general adult population.AimsThe aim of this cross-sectional analysis was to examine postprandial triglyceride concentrations in women and men, and the association with age, body mass index and menopausal status.MethodsNon-fasting blood samples from 20,963 women and men aged 40 years and older, attending the seventh survey of the Tromsø Study (2015-2016), were analyzed for postprandial triglyceride concentrations using descriptive statistics and linear regression models. Self-reported time since last meal before blood sampling was categorized into 1-h intervals with 7+ hours considered fasting.ResultsMen had higher triglyceride concentrations compared to women. The pattern of postprandial triglyceride concentrations differed between the sexes. In women, the highest triglyceride concentration (19% higher compared to fasting level, p < 0.001) was found 3-4 h postprandially compared to 1-3 h in men (30% higher compared to fasting level, p < 0.001). In women, all subgroups of age and BMI had higher triglyceride concentrations than the reference group (age 40-49 years and BMI < 25 kg/m2), but no linear trend for age was observed. In men, triglyceride concentrations were inversely associated with age. Body mass index was positively associated with triglyceride concentration in both women (p < 0.001) and men (p < 0.001), although this association was somewhat modified by age in women. Postmenopausal women had significantly higher triglyceride concentrations compared to premenopausal women (p < 0.05).ConclusionPostprandial triglyceride concentrations differed in groups of sex, age, body mass index, and menopausal status.

Project description:BackgroundMuscle quality (i.e., the expression of muscle function per unit of muscle mass) has been proposed as a clinically-relevant measure to detect individuals at risk of functional incapacity. Individuals with obesity might be at an increased risk of having poor muscle quality. Thus, we aimed to analyze the prevalence of poor muscle quality in obese individuals, to determine associated variables, and to provide normative values for this population.Methods203 individuals with obesity (103 women, age: 18-75 years, body mass index (BMI): 35-64 kg·m- 2) participated in this cross-sectional study. Their muscle strength (handgrip dynamometry), muscle power (sit-to-stand test) and muscle mass (bioelectrical impedance analysis) were measured, and muscle quality (strength/power to muscle mass ratio) was compared with reference values obtained in young healthy individuals. Muscle quality was individually categorized as normal, low or poor based on specific muscle strength and power (i.e., strength and power per unit of muscle mass, respectively). Sex and age-specific normative values of specific muscle strength and power were computed for the whole cohort.ResultsAge and being a woman were inversely associated with specific muscle strength, with age being also inversely associated with specific muscle power. A small proportion of participants (6%) presented with an impaired (i.e., low/poor) specific muscle power while most of them (96%) had impaired specific muscle strength. Eventually, 84% of the participants were deemed to have poor muscle quality. Being a woman (odds ratio [OR]: 18.09, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 4.07-80.38), age (OR: 1.06, 95%CI: 1.03-1.10) and BMI (OR: 1.22, 95%CI: 1.07-1.38) were independently associated with a higher risk of poor muscle quality in adjusted analyses.ConclusionsThese findings show a high prevalence of poor muscle quality among individuals with obesity, with age, sex and BMI being independent predictors.

Dataset Information

Cross-Classification of Human Urinary Lipidome by Sex, Age, and Body Mass Index.

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Cross-Classification of Human Urinary Lipidome by Sex, Age, and Body Mass Index.

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