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Two Different Views on the World Around Us: The World of Uniformity versus Diversity.

ABSTRACT: We propose that when individuals believe in fixed traits of personality (entity theorists), they are likely to expect a world of "uniformity." As such, they easily infer a population statistic from a small sample of data with confidence. In contrast, individuals who believe in malleable traits of personality (incremental theorists) are likely to presume a world of "diversity," such that they "hesitate" to infer a population statistic from a similarly sized sample. In four laboratory experiments, we found that compared to incremental theorists, entity theorists estimated a population mean from a sample with a greater level of confidence (Studies 1a and 1b), expected more homogeneity among the entities within a population (Study 2), and perceived an extreme value to be more indicative of an outlier (Study 3). These results suggest that individuals are likely to use their implicit self-theory orientations (entity theory versus incremental theory) to see a population in general as a constitution either of homogeneous or heterogeneous entities.

SUBMITTER: Kwon J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5158088 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Two Different Views on the World Around Us: The World of Uniformity versus Diversity.

Kwon JaeHwan J Nayakankuppam Dhananjay D

PloS one 20161215 12

We propose that when individuals believe in fixed traits of personality (entity theorists), they are likely to expect a world of "uniformity." As such, they easily infer a population statistic from a small sample of data with confidence. In contrast, individuals who believe in malleable traits of personality (incremental theorists) are likely to presume a world of "diversity," such that they "hesitate" to infer a population statistic from a similarly sized sample. In four laboratory experiments, ...[more]

PMID: 27977788

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Dataset Information

Two Different Views on the World Around Us: The World of Uniformity versus Diversity.

Publications

Two Different Views on the World Around Us: The World of Uniformity versus Diversity.

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