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Hallauer's Tuson: a decade of selection for tropical-to-temperate phenological adaptation in maize.


ABSTRACT: Crop species exhibit an astounding capacity for environmental adaptation, but genetic bottlenecks resulting from intense selection for adaptation and productivity can lead to a genetically vulnerable crop. Improving the genetic resiliency of temperate maize depends upon the use of tropical germplasm, which harbors a rich source of natural allelic diversity. Here, the adaptation process was studied in a tropical maize population subjected to 10 recurrent generations of directional selection for early flowering in a single temperate environment in Iowa, USA. We evaluated the response to this selection across a geographical range spanning from 43.05° (WI) to 18.00° (PR) latitude. The capacity for an all-tropical maize population to become adapted to a temperate environment was revealed in a marked fashion: on average, families from generation 10 flowered 20 days earlier than families in generation 0, with a nine-day separation between the latest generation 10 family and the earliest generation 0 family. Results suggest that adaptation was primarily due to selection on genetic main effects tailored to temperature-dependent plasticity in flowering time. Genotype-by-environment interactions represented a relatively small component of the phenotypic variation in flowering time, but were sufficient to produce a signature of localized adaptation that radiated latitudinally, in partial association with daylength and temperature, from the original location of selection. Furthermore, the original population exhibited a maladaptive syndrome including excessive ear and plant heights along with later flowering; this was reduced in frequency by selection for flowering time.

SUBMITTER: Teixeira JE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5179090 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Hallauer's Tusón: a decade of selection for tropical-to-temperate phenological adaptation in maize.

Teixeira J E C JE   Weldekidan T T   de Leon N N   Flint-Garcia S S   Holland J B JB   Lauter N N   Murray S C SC   Xu W W   Hessel D A DA   Kleintop A E AE   Hawk J A JA   Hallauer A A   Wisser R J RJ  

Heredity 20141105 2


Crop species exhibit an astounding capacity for environmental adaptation, but genetic bottlenecks resulting from intense selection for adaptation and productivity can lead to a genetically vulnerable crop. Improving the genetic resiliency of temperate maize depends upon the use of tropical germplasm, which harbors a rich source of natural allelic diversity. Here, the adaptation process was studied in a tropical maize population subjected to 10 recurrent generations of directional selection for e  ...[more]

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