Dataset Information

Altered Monocyte and Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Expression Is Linked to Vascular Inflammation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals have increased risk for vascular thrombosis, potentially driven by interactions between activated leukocytes and the endothelium.

Methods

Monocyte subsets (CD14⁺CD16^-, CD14⁺CD16⁺, CD14^DimCD16⁺) from HIV negative (HIV^-) and antiretroviral therapy-treated HIV positive (HIV⁺) participants (N = 19 and 49) were analyzed by flow cytometry for adhesion molecule expression (lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 [LFA-1], macrophage-1 antigen [Mac-1], CD11c/CD18, very late antigen [VLA]-4) and the fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1); these receptors recognize ligands (intercellular adhesion molecules [ICAMs], vascular cell adhesion molecule [VCAM]-1, fractalkine) on activated endothelial cells (ECs) and promote vascular migration. Plasma markers of monocyte (soluble [s]CD14, sCD163) and EC (VCAM-1, ICAM-1,2, fractalkine) activation and systemic (tumor necrosis factor receptor [TNFR-I], TNFR-II) and vascular (lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A₂ [Lp-PLA₂]) inflammation were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

Proportions of CD16⁺ monocyte subsets were increased in HIV⁺ participants. Among all monocyte subsets, levels of LFA-1 were increased and CX3CR1 levels were decreased in HIV⁺ participants (P < .01). Levels of sCD163, sCD14, fractalkine, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, TNFR-II, and Lp-PLA₂ were also increased in HIV⁺ participants (P < .05), and levels of sCD14, TNFR-I, and TNFR-II were directly related to ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels in HIV⁺ participants. Expression of CX3CR1 on monocyte subsets was inversely related to plasma Lp-PLA₂ (P < .05 for all).

Conclusions

Increased proportions of CD16⁺ monocytes, cells with altered adhesion molecule expression, combined with elevated levels of their ligands, may promote vascular inflammation in HIV infection.

SUBMITTER: Kulkarni M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5198584 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Altered Monocyte and Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Expression Is Linked to Vascular Inflammation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.

Kulkarni Manjusha M Bowman Emily E Gabriel Janelle J Amburgy Taylor T Mayne Elizabeth E Zidar David A DA Maierhofer Courtney C Turner Abigail Norris AN Bazan Jose A JA Koletar Susan L SL Lederman Michael M MM Sieg Scott F SF Funderburg Nicholas T NT

Open forum infectious diseases 20161015 4

<h4>Background</h4>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals have increased risk for vascular thrombosis, potentially driven by interactions between activated leukocytes and the endothelium.<h4>Methods</h4>Monocyte subsets (CD14<sup>+</sup>CD16<sup>-</sup>, CD14<sup>+</sup>CD16<sup>+</sup>, CD14<sup>Dim</sup>CD16<sup>+</sup>) from HIV negative (HIV<sup>-</sup>) and antiretroviral therapy-treated HIV positive (HIV<sup>+</sup>) participants (N = 19 and 49) were analyzed by flow cytom ...[more]

PMID: 28066794

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Panax notoginseng is commonly used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in China. The present study investigates the effects of three different saponin fractions (ie total saponins, PNS; protopanaxadiol-type saponin, PDS; and protopanaxatriol-type saponin, PTS) and two major individual ingredients (ie ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1) from P. notoginseng on the endothelial inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo. METHODS:Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) was added to the culture medium of human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) to induce an inflammatory response. A cell adhesion assay was used to determine the effect of the P. notoginseng saponin fractions on endothelial-monocyte interaction. The cell adhesion molecule (CAMs) expression, including ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, in the protein level on the surface of endothelial cells were measured by cellular ELISA. CAMs expression in mRNA level was also assayed by qRT-PCR in the HCAECs and the aorta of rat fed with high cholesterol diet (HCD). Western blotting was used to detect effect of the saponin fractions on CAMs protein expression in HCAECs. In addition, nuclear translocation of p65, a surrogate marker for NF-?B activation, was measured by immunostaining. RESULTS:Three saponin fractions and two individual ginsenosides exhibited the inhibitory effects on monocyte adhesion on TNF-?-activated HCAECs and expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 at both mRNA and protein levels in vitro. The saponin fractions exhibited a similar trend of the inhibitory effects on the mRNA expression of CAMs in the aorta of HCD-fed rat in vivo. These inhibitory effect of saponin fractions maybe attribute partially to the suppression of the TNF-?-induced NF-?B activation. CONCLUSION:Our data demonstrate that saponin fractions (ie PNS, PDS and PTS) and major individual ginsenosides (ie Rg1 and Rb1) have potential anti-atherogenic effects. Among the tested saponin fractions, PDS is the most potent saponin fraction against TNF-?-induced monocyte adhesion as well as the expression of adhesion molecules in vitro and in vivo.

Dataset Information

Altered Monocyte and Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Expression Is Linked to Vascular Inflammation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Altered Monocyte and Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Expression Is Linked to Vascular Inflammation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.

Similar Datasets

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