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Docking Studies and Molecular Dynamic Simulations Reveal Different Features of IDO1 Structure.

ABSTRACT: In the last decade, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) has attracted a great deal of attention being recognized as key regulator of immunosuppressive pathways in the tumor immuno-editing process. Several classes of inhibitors have been developed as potential anticancer agents, but only few of them have advanced in clinical trials. Hence, the quest of novel potent and selective inhibitors of the enzyme is still active and mostly pursued by structure-based drug design strategies based on early and more recent crystal structures of IDO1. Combining docking studies and molecular dynamic simulations, in this work we have comparatively investigated the structural features of each crystal structure of IDO1. The results pinpoint different features in specific crystal structures of the enzyme that may benefit the medicinal chemistry arena aiding the design of novel potent and selective inhibitors of IDO1.

SUBMITTER: Greco FA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5215573 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Docking Studies and Molecular Dynamic Simulations Reveal Different Features of IDO1 Structure.

Greco Francesco Antonio FA Bournique Answald A Coletti Alice A Custodi Chiara C Dolciami Daniela D Carotti Andrea A Macchiarulo Antonio A

Molecular informatics 20160719 8-9

In the last decade, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) has attracted a great deal of attention being recognized as key regulator of immunosuppressive pathways in the tumor immuno-editing process. Several classes of inhibitors have been developed as potential anticancer agents, but only few of them have advanced in clinical trials. Hence, the quest of novel potent and selective inhibitors of the enzyme is still active and mostly pursued by structure-based drug design strategies based on early a ...[more]

PMID: 27546049

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Project description:Rhodopsin is currently the only available atomic-resolution template for understanding biological functions of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family. The structural basis for the phenomenal dark state stability of 11-cis-retinal bound to rhodopsin and its ultrafast photoreaction are active topics of research. In particular, the beta-ionone ring of the retinylidene inverse agonist is crucial for the activation mechanism. We analyzed a total of 23 independent, 100 ns all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of rhodopsin embedded in a lipid bilayer in the microcanonical (N,V,E) ensemble. Analysis of intramolecular fluctuations predicts hydrogen-out-of-plane (HOOP) wagging modes of retinal consistent with those found in Raman vibrational spectroscopy. We show that sampling and ergodicity of the ensemble of simulations are crucial for determining the distribution of conformers of retinal bound to rhodopsin. The polyene chain is rigidly locked into a single, twisted conformation, consistent with the function of retinal as an inverse agonist in the dark state. Most surprisingly, the beta-ionone ring is mobile within its binding pocket; interactions are non-specific and the cavity is sufficiently large to enable structural heterogeneity. We find that retinal occupies two distinct conformations in the dark state, contrary to most previous assumptions. The beta-ionone ring can rotate relative to the polyene chain, thereby populating both positively and negatively twisted 6-s-cis enantiomers. This result, while unexpected, strongly agrees with experimental solid-state (2)H NMR spectra. Correlation analysis identifies the residues most critical to controlling mobility of retinal; we find that Trp265 moves away from the ionone ring prior to any conformational transition. Our findings reinforce how molecular dynamics simulations can challenge conventional assumptions for interpreting experimental data, especially where existing models neglect conformational fluctuations.

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Docking Studies and Molecular Dynamic Simulations Reveal Different Features of IDO1 Structure.

Publications

Docking Studies and Molecular Dynamic Simulations Reveal Different Features of IDO1 Structure.

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