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Prevalence of ocular demodicosis among patients at Tertiary Care Center, Bangkok, Thailand.

ABSTRACT: AIM:To determine the prevalence of ocular demodicosis by both microscopic examination and molecular detection among patients at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok. METHODS:One hundred individuals were enrolled in the study and were divided into five age groups. The meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) score and qualities of cylindrical dandruff (CD) were also determined. Demodex mite infestations of eyelash samples were screened by both microscopic examination and semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS:The prevalence of ocular demodicosis as determined by microscopic examination was 42% [Demodex folliculorum (D. folliculorum) 41% and Demodex brevis (D. brevis) 1%]. Among patients who had ocular Demodex infestation, 69% have CD and had an average MGD score of 4; in patients without demodicosis, 15.5% had CD and had an average MGD score of 4.12. Prevalence of ocular demodicosis as determined by semi-nested PCR was 79% (D. folliculorum 78% and D. brevis 1%). CONCLUSION:This is the first report on the prevalence of ocular demodicosis in Thailand. Patients with CD also had Demodex mites present. Semi-nested PCR is better than microscopy for Demodex infestation detection. An extensive survey with more representative samples is required to determine the prevalence in the country.

SUBMITTER: Kasetsuwan N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5225360 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prevalence of ocular demodicosis among patients at Tertiary Care Center, Bangkok, Thailand.

Kasetsuwan Ngamjit N Kositphipat Kitchaporn K Busayarat Mathu M Threekhan Pawanrat P Preativatanyou Kanok K Phumee Atchara A Siriyasatien Padet P

International journal of ophthalmology 20170118 1

<h4>Aim</h4>To determine the prevalence of ocular demodicosis by both microscopic examination and molecular detection among patients at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok.<h4>Methods</h4>One hundred individuals were enrolled in the study and were divided into five age groups. The meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) score and qualities of cylindrical dandruff (CD) were also determined. <i>Demodex</i> mite infestations of eyelash samples were screened by both micro ...[more]

PMID: 28149788

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Project description:BACKGROUND:There has been a sharp rise in the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) in many countries. Patients with HPV-positive OPSCC have a more favorable prognosis compared with HPV-negative OPSCC, leading to investigation and adoption of de-escalation treatment protocols. The baseline rate of HPV prevalence in certain populations is of epidemiologic significance. We aimed to evaluate the rate of high-risk HPV in a large cohort of Thai patients, including OPSCC, oral SCC (OSCC) and laryngeal SCC (LSCC). METHODS:In total, 504 patients with HN cancer (110 OPSCC, 260 OSCC and 134 LSCC) who had been treated in Chulalongkorn University between 2010 and 2016 formed the sample set. All histological slides were reviewed to validate the diagnosis and render the histological type as keratinizing (K), non-keratinizing (NK) or non-keratinizing with maturation (NK-M). Immunohistochemistry with p16 was performed in all cases and scored semiquantatively. Positive and equivocal cases were tested by the high-risk HPV DNA in situ hybridization (ISH). Validation with quantitative polymerase-chain reaction (qPCR) was performed in p16-positive OPSCC. RESULTS:The OPSCC were represented by NK (7.3%), NK-M (16.4%) and K (76.4%) types, with an HPV incidence of 100, 22.2 and 4.7%, respectively. The average HPV prevalence in OPSCC was 14.5%. The concordance with p16/ISH was 51.6%, while concordance of the NK morphology with positive HPV ISH was 100%. ISH-qPCR concordance in p16-positive OPSCC was 72.7%. Patients with HPV-positive OPSCC had significantly more tumors with a NK histologic type, tonsillar location, earlier clinical stage, less association with smoking, and, finally, better outcome and longer survival time. In non-OPSCC, p16-positive HPV-associated cancers were found in only 1.5% of OSCC (4/260) and LSCC (2/134). CONCLUSION:A low rate of HPV-related OPSCC was found in Thai patients. The NK morphology was an excellent predictor of high-risk HPV infection in OPSCC. For OPSCC patients, HPV-positive ones had a significantly longer survival time than HPV-negative ones. There was a lack of p16-positive HPV-related OSCC and LSCC. Morphology and p16 status had a poor predictive value for detecting HPV in OSCC and LSCC.

Project description:BackgroundIndia has a high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) as well as diabetes mellitus (DM). DM is a chronic disease caused by deficiency of insulin production by the pancreas. The risk of TB amongst DM patients is three times higher than those without. The estimated national prevalence of DM is 7.3%. Despite the growing burden of DM, there are limited studies describing the prevalence of TB-DM in India.ObjectiveOur study estimated the prevalence of DM amongst adult hospitalized TB patients at Kasturba Hospital, Manipal and determined factors associated with the likelihood of DM-TB co-prevalence.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study at Kasturba Hospital, Manipal Academy of Higher Education. All hospitalized adult patients diagnosed with pulmonary TB (PTB) and extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) between June 1st 2015 and June 30th 2016 were eligible for inclusion. Pediatric and pregnant TB patients were excluded from our study. Data were extracted from medical charts. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were performed in R. Multivariate analysis adjusted for age, gender, type of TB, history of TB, and nutrition (body mass index (BMI)) status.ResultsA total of 728 patients met the eligibility criteria, 517 (71%) were male, 210 (29%) female, 406 (56%) had PTB and 322 (44%) had EPTB. Amongst those with a nutritional status, 36 (30%) patients were underweight (BMI <18.4 kg/m2), 73 (40%) had a normal BMI (18.5kg/m2-24.9 kg/m2), 15 (8%) were overweight (BMI 25.0 kg/m2-29.9 kg/m2) and 9 (5%) were obese (BMI >30.0 kg/m2). A total of 720 (98.9%) of TB patients had at least one blood sugar test result. The overall prevalence of DM (n = 184) amongst TB patients was 25.3% (95% CI 22.2%, 28.6%). When stratified, it was 35.0% (30.4%, 39.9%) and 13.0% (9.7%, 17.3%) amongst PTB and EPTB patients respectively. TB patients aged 41-60 years had 3.51 times higher odds (aOR 3.51 (2.08, 6.07)) of having DM than patients 40 years or younger. Patients aged 60 years or older had 2.49 times higher odds (aOR 2.49 (1.28, 4.85)) of having DM than younger patients (<40 years). Females had lower odds (aOR 0.80 (0.46, 1.37)) of developing DM than male TB patients and patients with a history of TB had lower odds (aOR 0.73 (0.39, 1.32)) than newly diagnosed TB patients. Additionally, EPTB patients had significantly lower odds (aOR 0.26 (0.15, 0.43)) compared to PTB patients. Underweight patients also had significantly lower odds (aOR 0.25 (0.14, 0.42)) of having DM than normal weight patients.ConclusionOur study found a higher prevalence of TB-DM than the national average. TB-DM co-prevalence was significantly associated with age, type of TB and undernutrition. As India's DM prevalence is expected to rise, TB-DM will become an increasingly important part of the TB epidemic requiring specialized study and care.

Project description:BackgroundBreathlessness is the prominent symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Despite optimal therapeutic management including pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, many COPD patients exhibit significant breathlessness. Chronic breathlessness is defined as breathlessness that persists despite optimal treatment of the underlying disease. Because of the major disability related to chronic breathlessness, symptomatic treatments including opioids have been recommended by several authors. The prevalence of chronic breathlessness in COPD and its management in routine clinical practice have been poorly investigated. Our aim was to examine prevalence, associated characteristics and management of chronic breathlessness in patients with COPD recruited in a real-life tertiary hospital-based cohort.MethodsA prospective study was conducted among 120 consecutive COPD patients recruited, in stable condition, at Nancy University Hospital, France. In parallel, 88 pulmonologists of the same geographical region were asked to respond to an on-line questionnaire on breathlessness management.ResultsSixty four (53%) patients had severe breathlessness (modified Medical Research Council scale≥3), despite optimal inhaled medications for 94% of them; 40% had undergone pulmonary rehabilitation within the past 2 years. The severity of breathlessness increased with increasing airflow limitation. Breathlessness was associated with increased symptoms of anxiety, depression and with osteoporosis. No relation was found with other symptoms, exacerbation rate, or cardiovascular comorbidities. Among the patients with chronic breathlessness and Hospitalized Anxiety and/or Depression score > 10, only 25% were treated with antidepressant or anxiolytic. Among the pulmonologists 46 (52%) answered to the questionnaire and expressed a high willingness to prescribe opioids forchronic breathlessness, which contrasted with the finding that none of these patients received such treatments against breathlessness.ConclusionTreatment approaches to breathlessness and associated psychological distress are insufficient in COPD. This study highlights underuse of pulmonary rehabilitation and symptomatic treatment for breathlessness.

Dataset Information

Prevalence of ocular demodicosis among patients at Tertiary Care Center, Bangkok, Thailand.

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Prevalence of ocular demodicosis among patients at Tertiary Care Center, Bangkok, Thailand.

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