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Association of inflammatory, lipid and mineral markers with cardiac calcification in older adults.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:Calcification of the aortic valve and adjacent structures involves inflammatory, lipid and mineral metabolism pathways. We hypothesised that circulating biomarkers reflecting these pathways are associated with cardiac calcification in older adults. METHODS:We investigated the associations of various biomarkers with valvular and annular calcification in the Cardiovascular Health Study. Of the 5888 participants, up to 3585 were eligible after exclusions for missing biomarker, covariate or echocardiographic data. We evaluated analytes reflecting lipid (lipoprotein (Lp) (a), Lp-associated phospholipase A2 (LpPLA2) mass and activity), inflammatory (interleukin-6, soluble (s) CD14) and mineral metabolism (fetuin-A, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23) pathways that were measured within 5?years of echocardiography. The relationships of plasma biomarkers with aortic valve calcification (AVC), aortic annular calcification (AAC) and mitral annular calcification (MAC) were assessed with relative risk (RR) regression. RESULTS:Calcification was prevalent: AVC 59%, AAC 45% and MAC 41%. After adjustment, Lp(a), LpPLA2 mass and activity and sCD14 were positively associated with AVC. RRs for AVC per SD (95% CI) were as follows: Lp(a), 1.051 (1.022 to 1.081); LpPLA2 mass, 1.036 (1.006 to 1.066) and LpPLA2 activity, 1.037 (1.004 to 1.071); sCD14, 1.039 (1.005 to 1.073). FGF-23 was positively associated with MAC, 1.040 (1.004 to 1.078) and fetuin-A was negatively associated, 0.949 (0.911 to 0.989). No biomarkers were significantly associated with AAC. CONCLUSION:This study shows novel associations of circulating FGF-23 and fetuin-A with MAC, and LpPLA2 and sCD14 with AVC, confirming that previously reported for Lp(a). Further investigation of Lp and inflammatory pathways may provide added insight into the aetiology of AVC, while study of phosphate regulation may illuminate the pathogenesis of MAC.

SUBMITTER: Bortnick AE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5235996 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association of inflammatory, lipid and mineral markers with cardiac calcification in older adults.

Bortnick Anna E AE Bartz Traci M TM Ix Joachim H JH Chonchol Michel M Reiner Alexander A Cushman Mary M Owens David D Barasch Eddy E Siscovick David S DS Gottdiener John S JS Kizer Jorge R JR

Heart (British Cardiac Society) 20160713 22

<h4>Objective</h4>Calcification of the aortic valve and adjacent structures involves inflammatory, lipid and mineral metabolism pathways. We hypothesised that circulating biomarkers reflecting these pathways are associated with cardiac calcification in older adults.<h4>Methods</h4>We investigated the associations of various biomarkers with valvular and annular calcification in the Cardiovascular Health Study. Of the 5888 participants, up to 3585 were eligible after exclusions for missing biomark ...[more]

PMID: 27411840

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Project description:ObjectivesTo appraise the existing literature reporting an association between retinal markers and cognitive impairment in adults aged 65 years and over and to provide directions for future use of retinal scanning as a potential tool for dementia diagnosis.DesignSystematic review of peer-reviewed empirical articles investigating the association of retinal markers in assessing cognitive impairment.Data sourcesThree electronic databases, Medline, PsycINFO and EMBASE were searched from inception until March 2022.Eligibility criteriaAll empirical articles in English investigating the association between retinal markers and cognition in humans aged ≥65 years using various retinal scanning methodologies were included. Studies with no explicit evaluation of retinal scanning and cognitive outcomes were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool.Data extraction and synthesisData extraction was conducted by two authors (VJ, RS) and reviewed by another author (JS). Results were synthesised and described narratively.ResultsSixty-seven eligible studies examining 6815 older adults were included. Majority of studies were cross-sectional (n=60; 89.6%). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was the most commonly used retinal scanning methodology to measure the thickness of retinal nerve fibre layer, the ganglion cell complex, choroid and macula. 51.1% of cross-sectional studies using OCT reported an association between the thinning of at least one retinal parameter and poor cognition. Longitudinal studies (n=6) using OCT also mostly identified significant reductions in retinal nerve fibre layer thickness with cognitive decline. Study quality was overall moderate.ConclusionRetinal nerve fibre layer thickness is linked with cognitive performance and therefore may have the potential to detect cognitive impairment in older adults. Further longitudinal studies are required to validate our synthesis and understand underlying mechanisms before recommending implementation of OCT as a dementia screening tool in clinical practice.Prospero registration numberCRD42020176757.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Calcification of the arteries of the lower extremities is a very common pathological process, which has an independent significance in the development of cardiovascular diseases. There is evidence that development of calcification of the arteries correlates with a mutation of the MGP protein gene representing by the Thr83Ala polymorphism. AIM:The purpose of the study was to analyse the connection of Thr83Ala polymorphism of the MGP gene with the development of calcification of the arteries of the lower extremities. METHODS:The study involved 80 patients. Half of them had signs of calcification of the arteries of the lower extremities. The allelic Thr83Ala polymorphism of the MGP protein gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction, establishing the presence of calcification of the arteries by radiological and dopplerographic methods. RESULTS:The study aimed to analyse the association of the Thr83Ala polymorphism of the matrix Gla protein gene with the development of calcification of the arteries of the lower extremities. The data obtained suggest that the replacement of threonine by alanine in the 83rd position of the MGP molecule can affect the functional properties of the protein and in particular its anticarcinogenic properties. Although there was no difference in the distribution of different variants of the genotype by Thr83Ala to the MGP gene polymorphism in patients with CA and healthy patients, but in the distribution of genotypes in the comparison groups separated by sex, it was found that in women, carriage of the Ala allele in a homozygous state is a factor, which protects the development of arterial calcination in the elderly and senile. CONCLUSION:Differences in the distribution of different variants of the genotype according to Thr83Ala to the polymorphism of the MGP gene between patients with CAD and healthy patients do not exceed the limits of statistical significance. In the distribution of genotypes in the comparison groups divided by sex, it was found that in women the carrier of the Ala-allele in the homozygous state is a factor that prevents the development of Menkeberg arteriosclerosis in the elderly and old age.

Project description:ABSTRACT Age?related bone loss is common in older adults. However, the association of low bone mass with incident disability and mortality is not well established. A sample of 738 participants in the Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP) was evaluated at baseline for bone mineral density (BMD) using quantitative ultrasound at the calcaneus. An annual interview assessed basic activities of daily living (BADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), mobility disability, and history of hip fracture. The associations between baseline BMD and risk of death; incident BADL, IADL, and mobility disability; and hip fracture were investigated using Cox hazard models, adjusting for age, sex, education, race, and body mass index (BMI). The robustness of our findings was evaluated by adjusting for confounding factors and health conditions including joint pain, musculoskeletal medications, smoking status, motor function, global cognition, falls, cardiovascular events, and diabetes. Participants were on average (mean ± SD) 80.9 ±?7.0?years old, 72% female, and 3.8% black, with a baseline BMI of 27.3 ±?5.4 kg/m2, and a baseline of BMD of 0.44 ±?0.14?g/cm2. In models adjusted for age, sex, education, race, and BMI, lower BMD was associated with a higher rate of death (hazard ratio [HR] 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–1.33), incident BADL disability (HR 1.20; 95% CI, 1.05–1.37), and hip fracture (HR 2.57; 95% CI, 1.72–3.82), but not of IADL disability (HR 1.00; 95% CI, 0.85–1.17) or mobility disability (HR 1.13; 95% CI, 0.97–1.32). The association between BMD and mortality was not significant in fully adjusted models, but the BMD and BADL associations remained significant in models adjusting for both demographic variables and BMD?modifying health conditions. BMD is associated with incident disability in older adults. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Project description:BackgroundDevelopment of vascular calcification is accelerated in patients with end-stage renal disease. In addition to traditional risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) abnormal bone and mineral metabolism together with many other factors contribute to the excess cardiovascular burden in patients on dialysis. Aortic calcification score and coronary calcification score are predictive of CVD and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible relationship between arterial calcification and bone metabolism.MethodsThirty two patients on dialysis were included. All patients underwent a bone biopsy to assess bone histomorphometry and a 18F-NaF PET scan. Fluoride activity was measured in the lumbar spine (L1 - L4) and at the anterior iliac crest. Arterial calcification scores were assessed by computerized tomography for quantification of coronary artery calcification score and lateral lumbar radiography for aortic calcification score.ResultsThis study group showed high prevalence of arterial calcification and 59% had verified CVD. Both CAC and AAC were significantly higher in patients with verified CVD. Only 22% had low turnover bone disease. There was a weak association between fluoride activity, which reflects bone turnover, measured in the lumbar spine, and CAC and between PTH and CAC. There was also a weak association between erosion surfaces and AAC. No significant association was found between calcification score and any other parameter measured.ConclusionsThe results in this study highlight the complexity, when evaluating the link between bone remodeling and vascular calcification in patients with multiple comorbidities and extensive atherosclerosis. Several studies suggest an impact of bone turnover on development of arterial calcification and there is some evidence of reduced progression of vascular calcification with improvement in bone status. The present study indicates an association between vascular calcification and bone turnover, even though many parameters of bone turnover failed to show significance. In the presence of multiple other factors contributing to the development of calcification, the impact of bone remodeling might be diminished.Trial registrationThe study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov protocol registration and result system, ID is NCT02967042 . Date of registration is 17/11/2016.

Dataset Information

Association of inflammatory, lipid and mineral markers with cardiac calcification in older adults.

Publications

Association of inflammatory, lipid and mineral markers with cardiac calcification in older adults.

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